Long-term outcome after deferred revascularization due to negative fractional flow reserve in intermediate coronary lesions

Jerremy Weerts*, Tobias Pustjens, Elsa Amin, Mustafa Ilhan, Leo F. Veenstra, Ralph A. L. J. Theunissen, Jindrich Vainer, Mera Stein, Lex A. W. Ruiters, Ben C. G. Gho, Arnoud W. J. Van't Hof, Saman Rasoul

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Objectives The aim was to assess long-term outcome after deferring intervention of coronary lesions with a fractional flow reserve (FFR) value of >0.80 in a real-world patient population and then to identify factors associated with deferred target lesion failure (DTLF). Background Deferring coronary interventions of intermediate lesions based on FFR measurement is safe, irrespective of the extent of coronary artery disease. However, FFR values near the cut-off of >0.80 may have less favorable outcome. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in patients with deferred coronary intervention based on FFR value >0.80. The primary endpoint was DTLF, a composite of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and any coronary revascularization, related to the initially deferred stenosis. Results A total of 600 patients, mean age of 66 +/- 10 years, and 751 coronary lesions with negative FFR values (mean 0.88 +/- 0.04) were included. The mean follow-up was 27 +/- 15 months. DTLF occurred in 44 patients (7.3%), revascularization in 42 (7%), and ACS without revascularization in 2 patients (0.3%). Patients with DTLF more often had diabetes mellitus, previous coronary artery bypass grafting, multivessel disease (MVD), and lower FFR at inclusion. Multivariable regression analysis showed that lower deferred FFR values [FFR 0.81-0.85: hazard ratio (HR) 2.79 (95% CI [confidence interval]; 1.46-5.32), p .002], MVD [HR 1.98 (95% CI; 1.05-3.75), p .036], distal lesions [HR 2.43 (95% CI; 1.29-4.57), p .006], and lesions located in a saphenous vein graft (SVG) [HR 6.35 (95% CI; 1.81-22.28), p .004] were independent predictors for DTLF. Conclusions The long-term rate of DTLF of initially deferred coronary lesions was 7.3%. Independent predictors for DTLF are lower deferred FFR value, the presence of MVD, distal lesions, and lesions in SVG.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)247-256
Number of pages10
JournalCatheterization and Cardiovascular interventions
Volume97
Issue number2
Early online date30 Jan 2020
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Feb 2021

Keywords

  • ACS
  • ANGINA-PECTORIS
  • ANGIOGRAPHY
  • ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION
  • FOLLOW-UP
  • INTERVENTION
  • MANAGEMENT
  • NSTEMI
  • PROGNOSTIC VALUE
  • SEVERITY
  • STENOSIS
  • UNSTABLE ANGINA
  • coronary angiography
  • coronary artery disease
  • coronary blood flow
  • fractional flow reserve
  • percutaneous coronary intervention
  • GUIDELINES

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