Ketonuria is not associated with hyperemesis gravidarum disease severity

M. H. Koot; I. J. Grooten; J. A. M. Vd Post; J. M. J. Bais; C. Ris-Stalpers; C. A. Naaktgeboren; M. N. Niemeijer; H. A. Bremer; D. P. van der Ham; W. M. Heidema; A. Huisjes; G. Kleiverda; S. M. Kuppens; J. O. E. H. van Laar; J. Langenveld; F. van der Made; D. Papatsonis; M. J. Pelinck; P. J. Pernet; L. Van Rheenen-Flach; R. J. Rijnders; H. C. J. Scheepers; T. E. Vogelvang; B. W. Mol; T. J. Roseboom; R. C. Painter

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.08.014

Ketonuria is not associated with hyperemesis gravidarum disease severity

M. H. Koot^*, I. J. Grooten, J. A. M. Vd Post, J. M. J. Bais, C. Ris-Stalpers, C. A. Naaktgeboren, M. N. Niemeijer, H. A. Bremer, D. P. van der Ham, W. M. Heidema, A. Huisjes, G. Kleiverda, S. M. Kuppens, J. O. E. H. van Laar, J. Langenveld, F. van der Made, D. Papatsonis, M. J. Pelinck, P. J. Pernet, L. Van Rheenen-FlachR. J. Rijnders, H. C. J. Scheepers, T. E. Vogelvang, B. W. Mol, T. J. Roseboom, R. C. Painter

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Objective: To assess the association between ketonuria and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) disease severity.

Study design: We included pregnant women hospitalised for HG who participated in the Maternal and Offspring outcomes after Treatment of HyperEmesis by Refeeding (MOTHER) trial and women who were eligible, chose not to be randomised and agreed to participate in the observational cohort. Between October 2013 and March 2016, in 19 hospitals in the Netherlands, women hospitalised for HG were approached for study participation. The presence of ketonuria was not required for study entry. Ketonuria was measured at hospital admission with a dipstick, which distinguishes 5 categories: negative and 1+ through 4 + . The outcome measures were multiple measures of HG disease severity at different time points: 1) At hospital admission (study entry): severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life and weight change compared to pre-pregnancy weight, 2) One week after hospital admission: severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life and weight change compared to admission, 3) Duration of index hospital admission and readmission for HG at any time point.

Results: 215 women where included. Ketonuria was not associated with severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life or weight loss at hospital admission, nor was the degree of ketonuria at admission associated with any of the outcomes 1 week after hospital admission. The degree of ketonuria was also not associated with the number of readmissions. However, women with a higher degree of ketonuria had a statistically significant longer duration of hospital stay (per 1+ ketonuria, difference: 0.27 days, 95 % CI: 0.05 to 0.48).

Conclusions: There was no association between the degree of ketonuria at admission and severity of symptoms, quality of life, maternal weight loss, or number of readmissions, suggesting that ketonuria provides no information about disease severity or disease course. Despite this, women with a higher degree of ketonuria at admission were hospitalised for longer. This could suggest that health care professionals base length of hospital stay on the degree of ketonuria. Based on the lack of association between ketonuria and disease severity, we suggest it has no additional value in the clinical management of HG. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	315-320
Number of pages	6
Journal	European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
Volume	254
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.08.014
Publication status	Published - Nov 2020

Keywords

Hyperemesis gravidarum
Disease severity
Ketonuria
Urinary ketones
PREGNANCY
NAUSEA
INDICATORS

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10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.08.014

Cite this

Koot, M. H., Grooten, I. J., Post, J. A. M. V., Bais, J. M. J., Ris-Stalpers, C., Naaktgeboren, C. A., Niemeijer, M. N., Bremer, H. A., van der Ham, D. P., Heidema, W. M., Huisjes, A., Kleiverda, G., Kuppens, S. M., van Laar, J. O. E. H., Langenveld, J., van der Made, F., Papatsonis, D., Pelinck, M. J., Pernet, P. J., ... Painter, R. C. (2020). Ketonuria is not associated with hyperemesis gravidarum disease severity. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 254, 315-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.08.014

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title = "Ketonuria is not associated with hyperemesis gravidarum disease severity",

abstract = "Objective: To assess the association between ketonuria and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) disease severity.Study design: We included pregnant women hospitalised for HG who participated in the Maternal and Offspring outcomes after Treatment of HyperEmesis by Refeeding (MOTHER) trial and women who were eligible, chose not to be randomised and agreed to participate in the observational cohort. Between October 2013 and March 2016, in 19 hospitals in the Netherlands, women hospitalised for HG were approached for study participation. The presence of ketonuria was not required for study entry. Ketonuria was measured at hospital admission with a dipstick, which distinguishes 5 categories: negative and 1+ through 4 + . The outcome measures were multiple measures of HG disease severity at different time points: 1) At hospital admission (study entry): severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life and weight change compared to pre-pregnancy weight, 2) One week after hospital admission: severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life and weight change compared to admission, 3) Duration of index hospital admission and readmission for HG at any time point.Results: 215 women where included. Ketonuria was not associated with severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life or weight loss at hospital admission, nor was the degree of ketonuria at admission associated with any of the outcomes 1 week after hospital admission. The degree of ketonuria was also not associated with the number of readmissions. However, women with a higher degree of ketonuria had a statistically significant longer duration of hospital stay (per 1+ ketonuria, difference: 0.27 days, 95 % CI: 0.05 to 0.48).Conclusions: There was no association between the degree of ketonuria at admission and severity of symptoms, quality of life, maternal weight loss, or number of readmissions, suggesting that ketonuria provides no information about disease severity or disease course. Despite this, women with a higher degree of ketonuria at admission were hospitalised for longer. This could suggest that health care professionals base length of hospital stay on the degree of ketonuria. Based on the lack of association between ketonuria and disease severity, we suggest it has no additional value in the clinical management of HG. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.",

keywords = "Hyperemesis gravidarum, Disease severity, Ketonuria, Urinary ketones, PREGNANCY, NAUSEA, INDICATORS",

author = "Koot, {M. H.} and Grooten, {I. J.} and Post, {J. A. M. Vd} and Bais, {J. M. J.} and C. Ris-Stalpers and Naaktgeboren, {C. A.} and Niemeijer, {M. N.} and Bremer, {H. A.} and {van der Ham}, {D. P.} and Heidema, {W. M.} and A. Huisjes and G. Kleiverda and Kuppens, {S. M.} and {van Laar}, {J. O. E. H.} and J. Langenveld and {van der Made}, F. and D. Papatsonis and Pelinck, {M. J.} and Pernet, {P. J.} and {Van Rheenen-Flach}, L. and Rijnders, {R. J.} and Scheepers, {H. C. J.} and Vogelvang, {T. E.} and Mol, {B. W.} and Roseboom, {T. J.} and Painter, {R. C.}",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by a research grant from Northwest Hospital Group, Alkmaar, Netherlands, the Dutch Heart Foundation (Grant number: 2013T085 ), and the European Commission (Horizon2020 project {\textquoteleft}DynaHealth{\textquoteright} , 633595 ) Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020",

year = "2020",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.08.014",

language = "English",

volume = "254",

pages = "315--320",

journal = "European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology",

issn = "0301-2115",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

Koot, MH, Grooten, IJ, Post, JAMV, Bais, JMJ, Ris-Stalpers, C, Naaktgeboren, CA, Niemeijer, MN, Bremer, HA, van der Ham, DP, Heidema, WM, Huisjes, A, Kleiverda, G, Kuppens, SM, van Laar, JOEH, Langenveld, J, van der Made, F, Papatsonis, D, Pelinck, MJ, Pernet, PJ, Van Rheenen-Flach, L, Rijnders, RJ, Scheepers, HCJ, Vogelvang, TE, Mol, BW, Roseboom, TJ & Painter, RC 2020, 'Ketonuria is not associated with hyperemesis gravidarum disease severity', European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, vol. 254, pp. 315-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.08.014

TY - JOUR

T1 - Ketonuria is not associated with hyperemesis gravidarum disease severity

AU - Koot, M. H.

AU - Grooten, I. J.

AU - Post, J. A. M. Vd

AU - Bais, J. M. J.

AU - Ris-Stalpers, C.

AU - Naaktgeboren, C. A.

AU - Niemeijer, M. N.

AU - Bremer, H. A.

AU - van der Ham, D. P.

AU - Heidema, W. M.

AU - Huisjes, A.

AU - Kleiverda, G.

AU - Kuppens, S. M.

AU - van Laar, J. O. E. H.

AU - Langenveld, J.

AU - van der Made, F.

AU - Papatsonis, D.

AU - Pelinck, M. J.

AU - Pernet, P. J.

AU - Van Rheenen-Flach, L.

AU - Rijnders, R. J.

AU - Scheepers, H. C. J.

AU - Vogelvang, T. E.

AU - Mol, B. W.

AU - Roseboom, T. J.

AU - Painter, R. C.

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by a research grant from Northwest Hospital Group, Alkmaar, Netherlands, the Dutch Heart Foundation (Grant number: 2013T085 ), and the European Commission (Horizon2020 project ‘DynaHealth’ , 633595 ) Publisher Copyright: © 2020

PY - 2020/11

Y1 - 2020/11

N2 - Objective: To assess the association between ketonuria and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) disease severity.Study design: We included pregnant women hospitalised for HG who participated in the Maternal and Offspring outcomes after Treatment of HyperEmesis by Refeeding (MOTHER) trial and women who were eligible, chose not to be randomised and agreed to participate in the observational cohort. Between October 2013 and March 2016, in 19 hospitals in the Netherlands, women hospitalised for HG were approached for study participation. The presence of ketonuria was not required for study entry. Ketonuria was measured at hospital admission with a dipstick, which distinguishes 5 categories: negative and 1+ through 4 + . The outcome measures were multiple measures of HG disease severity at different time points: 1) At hospital admission (study entry): severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life and weight change compared to pre-pregnancy weight, 2) One week after hospital admission: severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life and weight change compared to admission, 3) Duration of index hospital admission and readmission for HG at any time point.Results: 215 women where included. Ketonuria was not associated with severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life or weight loss at hospital admission, nor was the degree of ketonuria at admission associated with any of the outcomes 1 week after hospital admission. The degree of ketonuria was also not associated with the number of readmissions. However, women with a higher degree of ketonuria had a statistically significant longer duration of hospital stay (per 1+ ketonuria, difference: 0.27 days, 95 % CI: 0.05 to 0.48).Conclusions: There was no association between the degree of ketonuria at admission and severity of symptoms, quality of life, maternal weight loss, or number of readmissions, suggesting that ketonuria provides no information about disease severity or disease course. Despite this, women with a higher degree of ketonuria at admission were hospitalised for longer. This could suggest that health care professionals base length of hospital stay on the degree of ketonuria. Based on the lack of association between ketonuria and disease severity, we suggest it has no additional value in the clinical management of HG. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.

AB - Objective: To assess the association between ketonuria and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) disease severity.Study design: We included pregnant women hospitalised for HG who participated in the Maternal and Offspring outcomes after Treatment of HyperEmesis by Refeeding (MOTHER) trial and women who were eligible, chose not to be randomised and agreed to participate in the observational cohort. Between October 2013 and March 2016, in 19 hospitals in the Netherlands, women hospitalised for HG were approached for study participation. The presence of ketonuria was not required for study entry. Ketonuria was measured at hospital admission with a dipstick, which distinguishes 5 categories: negative and 1+ through 4 + . The outcome measures were multiple measures of HG disease severity at different time points: 1) At hospital admission (study entry): severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life and weight change compared to pre-pregnancy weight, 2) One week after hospital admission: severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life and weight change compared to admission, 3) Duration of index hospital admission and readmission for HG at any time point.Results: 215 women where included. Ketonuria was not associated with severity of nausea and vomiting, quality of life or weight loss at hospital admission, nor was the degree of ketonuria at admission associated with any of the outcomes 1 week after hospital admission. The degree of ketonuria was also not associated with the number of readmissions. However, women with a higher degree of ketonuria had a statistically significant longer duration of hospital stay (per 1+ ketonuria, difference: 0.27 days, 95 % CI: 0.05 to 0.48).Conclusions: There was no association between the degree of ketonuria at admission and severity of symptoms, quality of life, maternal weight loss, or number of readmissions, suggesting that ketonuria provides no information about disease severity or disease course. Despite this, women with a higher degree of ketonuria at admission were hospitalised for longer. This could suggest that health care professionals base length of hospital stay on the degree of ketonuria. Based on the lack of association between ketonuria and disease severity, we suggest it has no additional value in the clinical management of HG. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.

KW - Hyperemesis gravidarum

KW - Disease severity

KW - Ketonuria

KW - Urinary ketones

KW - PREGNANCY

KW - NAUSEA

KW - INDICATORS

U2 - 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.08.014

DO - 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.08.014

M3 - Article

C2 - 33045502

SN - 0301-2115

VL - 254

SP - 315

EP - 320

JO - European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology

JF - European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology

ER -