TY - JOUR
T1 - Janus 3D printed dynamic scaffolds for nanovibration-driven bone regeneration
AU - Camarero-Espinosa, Sandra
AU - Moroni, Lorenzo
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine Institute for Regenerative Medicine at Scott & White who isolated and provided the cells through a grant from NCRR of the NIH (Grant #P40RR017447). The authors acknowledge the financial support from the European Commission under the ERC starting grant “Cell Hybridge” of the Horizon2020 framework program (Grant # 637308).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/2/15
Y1 - 2021/2/15
N2 - The application of physical stimuli to cell cultures has shown potential to modulate multiple cellular functions including migration, differentiation and survival. However, the relevance of these in vitro models to future potential extrapolation in vivo depends on whether stimuli can be applied "externally", without invasive procedures. Here, we report on the fabrication and exploitation of dynamic additive-manufactured Janus scaffolds that are activated on-command via external application of ultrasounds, resulting in a mechanical nanovibration that is transmitted to the surrounding cells. Janus scaffolds were spontaneously formed via phase-segregation of biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) and polylactide (PLA) blends during the manufacturing process and behave as ultrasound transducers (acoustic to mechanical) where the PLA and PCL phases represent the active and backing materials, respectively. Remote stimulation of Janus scaffolds led to enhanced cell proliferation, matrix deposition and osteogenic differentiation of seeded human bone marrow derived stromal cells (hBMSCs) via formation and activation of voltage-gated calcium ion channels. Fabrication of dynamic, reversible and biocompatible scaffolds with non-invasive external triggers has so far been limited. Here, the authors report on the creation of 3D printed scaffolds with Janus structure that produce nanovibrations when exposed to ultrasound, promoting bone regeneration.
AB - The application of physical stimuli to cell cultures has shown potential to modulate multiple cellular functions including migration, differentiation and survival. However, the relevance of these in vitro models to future potential extrapolation in vivo depends on whether stimuli can be applied "externally", without invasive procedures. Here, we report on the fabrication and exploitation of dynamic additive-manufactured Janus scaffolds that are activated on-command via external application of ultrasounds, resulting in a mechanical nanovibration that is transmitted to the surrounding cells. Janus scaffolds were spontaneously formed via phase-segregation of biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) and polylactide (PLA) blends during the manufacturing process and behave as ultrasound transducers (acoustic to mechanical) where the PLA and PCL phases represent the active and backing materials, respectively. Remote stimulation of Janus scaffolds led to enhanced cell proliferation, matrix deposition and osteogenic differentiation of seeded human bone marrow derived stromal cells (hBMSCs) via formation and activation of voltage-gated calcium ion channels. Fabrication of dynamic, reversible and biocompatible scaffolds with non-invasive external triggers has so far been limited. Here, the authors report on the creation of 3D printed scaffolds with Janus structure that produce nanovibrations when exposed to ultrasound, promoting bone regeneration.
KW - AMORPHOUS CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE
KW - MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS
KW - ULTRASOUND
KW - STIMULATION
KW - DESIGN
KW - DIFFERENTIATION
KW - TRANSLATION
KW - ZEBRAFISH
U2 - 10.1038/s41467-021-21325-x
DO - 10.1038/s41467-021-21325-x
M3 - Article
C2 - 33589620
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 12
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
IS - 1
M1 - 1031
ER -