Isoeugenol-functionalized nanogels inhibit peri-implantitis associated bacteria in vitro

Yuting Shi, Christian Bergs, Mohamed M H Abdelbary, Andrij Pich, Georg Conrads*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

2 Citations (Web of Science)

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Obligate and facultative anaerobic bacteria adhering to dental implants are a major cause for peri-implant inflammation, which, if left untreated, can lead to implant loss. Previously, our group developed a new route for the synthesis of isoeugenol-functionalized aqueous nanogels for implant coatings.

METHODS: Here, the antimicrobial activity of several new nanogels differing in spacer length (n = 6, 9, 44), radius (60-200 nm), and amount of isoeugenol functional substance (1-20 mol%) was tested against the following peri-implantitis-associated species: Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Escherichia coli, Actinomyces viscosus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus oralis, S. parasanguinis, and the yeast Candida albicans. The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined for each combination. In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence microscopy after live-dead-staining (LD-S) were performed to visualize nanogel-microbe interactions.

RESULTS: Two nanogels, NG9-3 and NG9-4 (colloids of 80-150 nm, with a spacer length of n = 9 and feeding between 5 and 10 mol% isoeugenol), had an inhibitory effect on all Gram-positive species and on P. gingivalis and P. intermedia with MBC ≥31.25 μg/ml. TEM and LD-S images showed that cellular adhesion and uptake of nanogels resulted in swelling, shedding, or even complete detachment of the cell wall and then to bursting (see graphical abstract).

CONCLUSIONS: Functional nanogels can be used as building blocks in the design of bioactive coatings on implants to prevent infection and accelerate tissue regeneration, but the concentrations required are higher than for antibiotics.

Original languageEnglish
Article number102552
Pages (from-to)102552
Number of pages9
JournalAnaerobe
Volume75
Early online date30 Mar 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jun 2022

Keywords

  • ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY
  • Antimicrobial nanogels
  • COATINGS
  • ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECALIS
  • INTEGRATION
  • Minimal microbicidal concentration
  • Porphyromonas gingivalis
  • Prevotella intermedia
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • peri-implantitis

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