International Consensus on Antineutrophil Cytoplasm Antibodies Testing in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

Sergey Moiseev*, Xavier Bossuyt, Yoshihiro Arimura, Daniel Blockmans, Elena Csernok, Jan Damoiseaux, Giacomo Emmi, Luis Felipe Flores-Suarez, Bernhard Hellmich, David Jayne, J. Charles Jennette, Mark A. Little, Aladdin J. Mohammad, Frank Moosig, Pavel Novikov, Christian Pagnoux, Antonella Radice, Ken-ei Sada, Marten Segelmark, Yehuda ShoenfeldRenato A. Sinico, Ulrich Specks, Benjamin Terrier, Athanasios G. Tzioufas, Augusto Vaglio, Ming-Hui Zhao, Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert, European EGPA Study Group

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

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Abstract

An international consensus on antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) testing in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is presented. ANCA, specific for myeloperoxidase (MPO), can be detected in 30-35% of patients with EGPA. MPO-ANCA should be tested with antigen-specific immunoassays in any patient with eosinophilic asthma and clinical features suggesting EGPA, including constitutional symptoms; purpura; polyneuropathy; unexplained heart, gastrointestinal, or kidney disease; and/or pulmonary infiltrates or hemorrhage. A positive MPO-ANCA result contributes to the diagnostic workup for EGPA. Patients with MPO-ANCA-associated EGPA have vasculitis features, such as glomerulonephritis, neuropathy, and skin manifestations, more frequently than patients with ANCA-negative EGPA. However, the presence of MPO-ANCA is neither sensitive nor specific enough to identify whether a patient should be subclassified as having "vasculitic" or eosinophilic" EGPA. At present, ANCA status cannot guide treatment decisions, that is, whether cyclophosphamide, rituximab, or mepolizumab should be added to conventional glucocorticoid treatment. In EGPA, monitoring of ANCA is only useful when MPO-ANCA was tested positive at disease onset.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1360-1372
Number of pages13
JournalAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Volume202
Issue number10
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 15 Nov 2020

Keywords

  • eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
  • ANCA
  • vasculitis
  • consensus
  • CHURG-STRAUSS-SYNDROME
  • TERM-FOLLOW-UP
  • CARDIAC INVOLVEMENT
  • SYSTEMIC VASCULITIS
  • RITUXIMAB
  • EGPA
  • MYELOPEROXIDASE
  • AUTOANTIBODIES
  • CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE

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