Intermediate-term survival of robot-assisted versus open radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive and high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in The Netherlands

Florentien J Hinsenveld, Joost L Boormans*, Henk G van der Poel, Deric K E van der Schoot, André N Vis, Katja K H Aben, T J Arends, P J Ausems, D Baselmans, Cpam Berger, A Berrens, H Bickerstaffe, S D Bos, M Braam, K T Buddingh, S Claus, K Dekker, T van Doeveren, Smh Einerhand, Lmcl FossionE J van Gennep, N van Ginkel, LA Grondhuis Palacios, Tjn Hermans, M M Hobijn, S H van Huystee, M Jaspers-Valentijn, O S Klaver, E L Koldewijn, L Korsten, A Lenting, K J Lentjes, H B Luiting, S van der Meer, J A Nieuwenhuijzen, M A Noordzij, R I Nooter, Caw Notenboom, Rja Oomen, Jgh van Roermund, J de Rooij, H Roshani, B P Schrier, M A van der Slot, D M Somford, P J Stelwagen, Ama Stroux, A van der West, B P Wijsman, Wakm Windt, Dutch Cystectomy Snapshot Group

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection is the recommended treatment in non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). In randomised trials, robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) showed non-inferior short-term oncological outcomes compared with open radical cystectomy (ORC). Data on intermediate and long-term oncological outcomes of RARC are limited.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the intermediate-term overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with MIBC and high-risk non-MIBC (NMIBC) who underwent ORC versus RARC in clinical practice.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: A nationwide retrospective study in 19 Dutch hospitals including patients with MIBC and high-risk NMIBC treated by ORC (n = 1086) or RARC (n = 386) between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2015. Primary and secondary outcome measures were median OS and RFS, respectively. Survival outcomes were estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves. A multivariable Cox regression model was developed to adjust for possible confounders and to assess prognostic factors for survival including clinical variables, clinical and pathological disease stage, neoadjuvant therapy and surgical margin status.

RESULTS: The median follow-up was 5.1 years (95% confidence interval ([95%CI] 5.0-5.2). The median OS after ORC was 5.0 years (95%CI 4.3-5.6) versus 5.8 years after RARC (95%CI 5.1-6.5). The median RFS was 3.8 years (95%CI 3.1-4.5) after ORC versus 5.0 years after RARC (95%CI 3.9-6.0). After multivariable adjustment, the hazard ratio for OS was 1.00 (95%CI 0.84-1.20) and for RFS 1.08 (95%CI 0.91-1.27) of ORC versus RARC. Patients who underwent ORC were older, had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels and more advanced clinical and pathological disease stage.

CONCLUSION: ORC and RARC resulted in similar intermediate-term OS and RFS in a cohort of almost 1500 MIBC and high-risk NMIBC.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)60.e1-60.e9
Number of pages9
JournalUrologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations
Volume40
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb 2022

Keywords

  • Bladder cancer
  • Cystectomy
  • Muscle invasive
  • OUTCOMES
  • Robot
  • Survival

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