TY - JOUR
T1 - Human Brain Deuterium Metabolic Imaging at 7 T
T2 - Impact of Different [6,6'-2H2]Glucose Doses
AU - Ahmadian, Narjes
AU - Konig, Maaike M
AU - Otto, Sigrid
AU - Tesselaar, Kiki
AU - van Eijsden, Pieter
AU - Gosselink, Mark
AU - Gursan, Ayhan
AU - Klomp, Dennis W
AU - Prompers, Jeanine J
AU - Wiegers, Evita C
PY - 2025/3
Y1 - 2025/3
N2 - Background: Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is an innovative, noninvasive metabolic MR imaging method conducted after administration of
2H-labeled substrates. DMI after [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose consumption has been used to investigate brain metabolic processes, but the impact of different [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose doses on DMI brain data is not well known. Purpose: To investigate three different [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose doses for DMI in the human brain at 7 T. Study Type: Prospective. Population: Six healthy participants (age: 28 ± 8 years, male/female: 3/3). Field Strength/Sequence: 7 T, 3D
2H free-induction-decay (FID)-magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) sequence. Assessment: Three subjects received two different doses (0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg or 0.75 g/kg body weight) of [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose on two occasions and underwent consecutive
2H-MRSI scans for 120 minutes. Blood was sampled every 10 minutes during the scan, to determine plasma glucose levels and plasma
2H-Glucose atom percent excess (APE) (part-1). Three subjects underwent the same protocol once after receiving 0.50 g/kg [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose (part-2). Statistical Test: Mean plasma
2H-Glucose APE and glucose plasma concentrations were compared using one-way ANOVA. Brain
2H-Glc and brain
2H-Glx (part-1) were analyzed with a two-level Linear Mixed Model. In part-2, a General Linear Model was used to compare brain metabolite signals. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Between 60 and 100 minutes after ingesting [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose, plasma
2H-Glc APE did not differ between 0.50 g/kg and 0.75 g/kg doses (P = 0.961), but was significantly lower for 0.25 g/kg. Time and doses significantly affected brain
2H-Glucose levels (estimate ± standard error [SE]: 0.89 ± 0.01, 1.09 ± 0.01, and 1.27 ± 0.01, for 0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg, and 0.75 g/kg, respectively) and brain
2H-Glutamate/Glutamine levels (estimate ± SE: 1.91 ± 0.03, 2.27 ± 0.03, and 2.46 ± 0.03, for 0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg, and 0.75 g/kg, respectively). Plasma
2H-Glc APE, brain
2H-Glc, and brain
2H-Glx levels were comparable among subjects receiving 0.50 g/kg [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose. Data Conclusion: Brain
2H-Glucose and brain
2H-Glutamate/Glutamine showed to be [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose dose dependent. A dose of 0.50 g/kg demonstrated comparable, and well-detectable,
2H-Glucose and
2H-Glutamate/Glutamine signals in the brain. Evidence Level: 1. Technical Efficacy: Stage 2.
AB - Background: Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is an innovative, noninvasive metabolic MR imaging method conducted after administration of
2H-labeled substrates. DMI after [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose consumption has been used to investigate brain metabolic processes, but the impact of different [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose doses on DMI brain data is not well known. Purpose: To investigate three different [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose doses for DMI in the human brain at 7 T. Study Type: Prospective. Population: Six healthy participants (age: 28 ± 8 years, male/female: 3/3). Field Strength/Sequence: 7 T, 3D
2H free-induction-decay (FID)-magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) sequence. Assessment: Three subjects received two different doses (0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg or 0.75 g/kg body weight) of [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose on two occasions and underwent consecutive
2H-MRSI scans for 120 minutes. Blood was sampled every 10 minutes during the scan, to determine plasma glucose levels and plasma
2H-Glucose atom percent excess (APE) (part-1). Three subjects underwent the same protocol once after receiving 0.50 g/kg [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose (part-2). Statistical Test: Mean plasma
2H-Glucose APE and glucose plasma concentrations were compared using one-way ANOVA. Brain
2H-Glc and brain
2H-Glx (part-1) were analyzed with a two-level Linear Mixed Model. In part-2, a General Linear Model was used to compare brain metabolite signals. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Between 60 and 100 minutes after ingesting [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose, plasma
2H-Glc APE did not differ between 0.50 g/kg and 0.75 g/kg doses (P = 0.961), but was significantly lower for 0.25 g/kg. Time and doses significantly affected brain
2H-Glucose levels (estimate ± standard error [SE]: 0.89 ± 0.01, 1.09 ± 0.01, and 1.27 ± 0.01, for 0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg, and 0.75 g/kg, respectively) and brain
2H-Glutamate/Glutamine levels (estimate ± SE: 1.91 ± 0.03, 2.27 ± 0.03, and 2.46 ± 0.03, for 0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg, and 0.75 g/kg, respectively). Plasma
2H-Glc APE, brain
2H-Glc, and brain
2H-Glx levels were comparable among subjects receiving 0.50 g/kg [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose. Data Conclusion: Brain
2H-Glucose and brain
2H-Glutamate/Glutamine showed to be [6,6′-
2H
2]glucose dose dependent. A dose of 0.50 g/kg demonstrated comparable, and well-detectable,
2H-Glucose and
2H-Glutamate/Glutamine signals in the brain. Evidence Level: 1. Technical Efficacy: Stage 2.
KW - 7 T MRI
KW - brain metabolism
KW - deuterium metabolic imaging
U2 - 10.1002/jmri.29532
DO - 10.1002/jmri.29532
M3 - Article
SN - 1053-1807
VL - 61
SP - 1170
EP - 1178
JO - Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
JF - Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
IS - 3
ER -