GWTC-4.0: An Introduction to Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog

A. G. Abac; I. Abouelfettouh; F. Acernese; K. Ackley; C. Adamcewicz; S. Adhicary; D. Adhikari; N. Adhikari; R. X. Adhikari; V. K. Adkins; S. Afroz; A. Agapito; D. Agarwal; M. Agathos; N. Aggarwal; S. Aggarwal; O. D. Aguiar; I-L. Ahrend; L. Aiello; A. Ain; P. Ajith; T. Akutsu; S. Albanesi; W. Ali; S. Al-Kershi; C. Allene; A. Allocca; S. Al-Shammari; P. A. Altin; S. Alvarez-Lopez; W. Amar; O. Amarasinghe; A. Amato; F. Amicucci; C. Amra; A. Ananyeva; S. B. Anderson; W. G. Anderson; M. Andia; M. Ando; M. Andres-Carcasona; T. Andric; J. Anglin; S. Ansoldi; J. M. Antelis; S. Antier; M. Aoumi; E. Z. Appavuravther; S. Appert; S. K. Apple; KAGRA Collaboration; LIGO Scientific Collaboration; Virgo Collaboration; Stefan Danilishin; Diksha Diksha; Yuefan Guo; Stefan Hild; Guido Alex Iandolo; Gideon Koekoek; Luise Kranzhoff; Luca Massaro; Ayatri Singha; Viola Spagnuolo; Jessica Steinlechner; Sebastian Steinlechner

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae0c06

GWTC-4.0: An Introduction to Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog

A. G. Abac^*
, I. Abouelfettouh
, F. Acernese
, K. Ackley
, C. Adamcewicz
, S. Adhicary
, D. Adhikari
, N. Adhikari
, R. X. Adhikari
, V. K. Adkins
, S. Afroz
, A. Agapito
, D. Agarwal
, M. Agathos
, N. Aggarwal
, S. Aggarwal
, O. D. Aguiar
, I-L. Ahrend
, L. Aiello
, A. Ain

P. Ajith, T. Akutsu, S. Albanesi, W. Ali, S. Al-Kershi, C. Allene, A. Allocca, S. Al-Shammari, P. A. Altin, S. Alvarez-Lopez, W. Amar, O. Amarasinghe, A. Amato, F. Amicucci, C. Amra, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, M. Andia, M. Ando, M. Andres-Carcasona, T. Andric, J. Anglin, S. Ansoldi, J. M. Antelis, S. Antier, M. Aoumi, E. Z. Appavuravther, S. Appert, S. K. Apple, KAGRA Collaboration, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, Stefan Danilishin, Diksha Diksha, Yuefan Guo, Stefan Hild, Guido Alex Iandolo, Gideon Koekoek, Luise Kranzhoff, Luca Massaro, Ayatri Singha, Viola Spagnuolo, Jessica Steinlechner, Sebastian Steinlechner

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC) is a collection of short-duration (transient) gravitationalwave signals identified by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration in gravitational-wave data produced by the eponymous detectors. The catalog provides information about the identified candidates, such as the arrival time and amplitude of the signal and properties of the signal's source as inferred from the observational data. GWTC is the data release of this dataset, and version 4.0 extends the catalog to include observations made during the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run up until 2024 January 31. This Letter marks an introduction to a collection of articles related to this version of the catalog, GWTC-4.0. The collection of articles accompanying the catalog provides documentation of the methods used to analyze the data, summaries of the catalog of events, observational measurements drawn from the population, and detailed discussions of selected candidates.

Original language	English
Number of pages	45
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	995
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae0c06
Publication status	Published - 10 Dec 2025

Keywords

ROTATING BLACK-HOLE
ADVANCED LIGO
ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE
COMPACT BINARIES
HUBBLE CONSTANT
RADIATION
COALESCENCE
SYSTEMS
VIRGO
SPIN

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Abac, A. G., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adamcewicz, C., Adhicary, S., Adhikari, D., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Afroz, S., Agapito, A., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Aggarwal, N., Aggarwal, S., Aguiar, O. D., Ahrend, I.-L., Aiello, L., ... Steinlechner, S. (2025). GWTC-4.0: An Introduction to Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 995(1). https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae0c06

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title = "GWTC-4.0: An Introduction to Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog",

abstract = "The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC) is a collection of short-duration (transient) gravitationalwave signals identified by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration in gravitational-wave data produced by the eponymous detectors. The catalog provides information about the identified candidates, such as the arrival time and amplitude of the signal and properties of the signal's source as inferred from the observational data. GWTC is the data release of this dataset, and version 4.0 extends the catalog to include observations made during the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run up until 2024 January 31. This Letter marks an introduction to a collection of articles related to this version of the catalog, GWTC-4.0. The collection of articles accompanying the catalog provides documentation of the methods used to analyze the data, summaries of the catalog of events, observational measurements drawn from the population, and detailed discussions of selected candidates.",

keywords = "ROTATING BLACK-HOLE, ADVANCED LIGO, ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE, COMPACT BINARIES, HUBBLE CONSTANT, RADIATION, COALESCENCE, SYSTEMS, VIRGO, SPIN",

author = "Abac, \{A. G.\} and I. Abouelfettouh and F. Acernese and K. Ackley and C. Adamcewicz and S. Adhicary and D. Adhikari and N. Adhikari and Adhikari, \{R. X.\} and Adkins, \{V. K.\} and S. Afroz and A. Agapito and D. Agarwal and M. Agathos and N. Aggarwal and S. Aggarwal and Aguiar, \{O. D.\} and I-L. Ahrend and L. Aiello and A. Ain and P. Ajith and T. Akutsu and S. Albanesi and W. Ali and S. Al-Kershi and C. Allene and A. Allocca and S. Al-Shammari and Altin, \{P. A.\} and S. Alvarez-Lopez and W. Amar and O. Amarasinghe and A. Amato and F. Amicucci and C. Amra and A. Ananyeva and Anderson, \{S. B.\} and Anderson, \{W. G.\} and M. Andia and M. Ando and M. Andres-Carcasona and T. Andric and J. Anglin and S. Ansoldi and Antelis, \{J. M.\} and S. Antier and M. Aoumi and Appavuravther, \{E. Z.\} and S. Appert and Apple, \{S. K.\} and \{KAGRA Collaboration\} and \{LIGO Scientific Collaboration\} and \{Virgo Collaboration\} and Stefan Danilishin and Diksha Diksha and Yuefan Guo and Stefan Hild and Iandolo, \{Guido Alex\} and Gideon Koekoek and Luise Kranzhoff and Luca Massaro and Ayatri Singha and Viola Spagnuolo and Jessica Steinlechner and Sebastian Steinlechner",

year = "2025",

month = dec,

day = "10",

doi = "10.3847/2041-8213/ae0c06",

language = "English",

volume = "995",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal Letters",

issn = "2041-8205",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1",

}

Abac, AG, Abouelfettouh, I, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adamcewicz, C, Adhicary, S, Adhikari, D, Adhikari, N, Adhikari, RX, Adkins, VK, Afroz, S, Agapito, A, Agarwal, D, Agathos, M, Aggarwal, N, Aggarwal, S, Aguiar, OD, Ahrend, I-L, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Akutsu, T, Albanesi, S, Ali, W, Al-Kershi, S, Allene, C, Allocca, A, Al-Shammari, S, Altin, PA, Alvarez-Lopez, S, Amar, W, Amarasinghe, O, Amato, A, Amicucci, F, Amra, C, Ananyeva, A, Anderson, SB, Anderson, WG, Andia, M, Ando, M, Andres-Carcasona, M, Andric, T, Anglin, J, Ansoldi, S, Antelis, JM, Antier, S, Aoumi, M, Appavuravther, EZ, Appert, S, Apple, SK, KAGRA Collaboration, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, Danilishin, S , Diksha, D , Guo, Y , Hild, S , Iandolo, GA , Koekoek, G , Kranzhoff, L , Massaro, L, Singha, A, Spagnuolo, V, Steinlechner, J & Steinlechner, S 2025, 'GWTC-4.0: An Introduction to Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog', Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 995, no. 1. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae0c06

TY - JOUR

T1 - GWTC-4.0

T2 - An Introduction to Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog

AU - Abac, A. G.

AU - Abouelfettouh, I.

AU - Acernese, F.

AU - Ackley, K.

AU - Adamcewicz, C.

AU - Adhicary, S.

AU - Adhikari, D.

AU - Adhikari, N.

AU - Adhikari, R. X.

AU - Adkins, V. K.

AU - Afroz, S.

AU - Agapito, A.

AU - Agarwal, D.

AU - Agathos, M.

AU - Aggarwal, N.

AU - Aggarwal, S.

AU - Aguiar, O. D.

AU - Ahrend, I-L.

AU - Aiello, L.

AU - Ain, A.

AU - Ajith, P.

AU - Akutsu, T.

AU - Albanesi, S.

AU - Ali, W.

AU - Al-Kershi, S.

AU - Allene, C.

AU - Allocca, A.

AU - Al-Shammari, S.

AU - Altin, P. A.

AU - Alvarez-Lopez, S.

AU - Amar, W.

AU - Amarasinghe, O.

AU - Amato, A.

AU - Amicucci, F.

AU - Amra, C.

AU - Ananyeva, A.

AU - Anderson, S. B.

AU - Anderson, W. G.

AU - Andia, M.

AU - Ando, M.

AU - Andres-Carcasona, M.

AU - Andric, T.

AU - Anglin, J.

AU - Ansoldi, S.

AU - Antelis, J. M.

AU - Antier, S.

AU - Aoumi, M.

AU - Appavuravther, E. Z.

AU - Appert, S.

AU - Apple, S. K.

AU - KAGRA Collaboration

AU - LIGO Scientific Collaboration

AU - Virgo Collaboration

AU - Danilishin, Stefan

AU - Diksha, Diksha

AU - Guo, Yuefan

AU - Hild, Stefan

AU - Iandolo, Guido Alex

AU - Koekoek, Gideon

AU - Kranzhoff, Luise

AU - Massaro, Luca

AU - Singha, Ayatri

AU - Spagnuolo, Viola

AU - Steinlechner, Jessica

AU - Steinlechner, Sebastian

PY - 2025/12/10

Y1 - 2025/12/10

N2 - The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC) is a collection of short-duration (transient) gravitationalwave signals identified by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration in gravitational-wave data produced by the eponymous detectors. The catalog provides information about the identified candidates, such as the arrival time and amplitude of the signal and properties of the signal's source as inferred from the observational data. GWTC is the data release of this dataset, and version 4.0 extends the catalog to include observations made during the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run up until 2024 January 31. This Letter marks an introduction to a collection of articles related to this version of the catalog, GWTC-4.0. The collection of articles accompanying the catalog provides documentation of the methods used to analyze the data, summaries of the catalog of events, observational measurements drawn from the population, and detailed discussions of selected candidates.

AB - The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC) is a collection of short-duration (transient) gravitationalwave signals identified by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration in gravitational-wave data produced by the eponymous detectors. The catalog provides information about the identified candidates, such as the arrival time and amplitude of the signal and properties of the signal's source as inferred from the observational data. GWTC is the data release of this dataset, and version 4.0 extends the catalog to include observations made during the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run up until 2024 January 31. This Letter marks an introduction to a collection of articles related to this version of the catalog, GWTC-4.0. The collection of articles accompanying the catalog provides documentation of the methods used to analyze the data, summaries of the catalog of events, observational measurements drawn from the population, and detailed discussions of selected candidates.

KW - ROTATING BLACK-HOLE

KW - ADVANCED LIGO

KW - ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE

KW - COMPACT BINARIES

KW - HUBBLE CONSTANT

KW - RADIATION

KW - COALESCENCE

KW - SYSTEMS

KW - VIRGO

KW - SPIN

U2 - 10.3847/2041-8213/ae0c06

DO - 10.3847/2041-8213/ae0c06

M3 - Article

SN - 2041-8205

VL - 995

JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

IS - 1

ER -

GWTC-4.0: An Introduction to Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog

Abstract

Keywords

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