Gold screen-printed electrodes coupled with molecularly imprinted conjugated polymers for ultrasensitive detection of streptomycin in milk

Margaux Frigoli*, Manlio Caldara, Jeroen Royakkers, Joseph W. Lowdon, Thomas J. Cleij, Hanne Diliën, Kasper Eersels, Bart van Grinsven

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is a global health threat, challenging traditional treatments and complicating the food safety process. This study introduces an electrochemical detection method for streptomycin sulfate, utilizing gold screen-printed electrodes (Au-SPE) functionalized via electropolymerization of a custom-made naphthalene diimide-based conjugated monomer (Th2-NDI-PIA). This modification creates specific binding sites for streptomycin, allowing rapid detection of the antibiotic. The sensor's response to different concentrations of streptomycin was studied via Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) in a wide linear range from 10-13 M to 10-9 M, with a limit of detection (LoD) of 0.190 ± 0.005 pM. The imprinted electrode demonstrates selectivity to other antibiotics, but also to common interferents that can be found in milk such as lactose, glucose, riboflavin, and bisphenol A. Successful proof-of-principle in whole cow milk highlights the sensor's efficacy in detecting antibiotic residues in food samples, offering a promising alternative for a rapid and portable detection technique.
Original languageEnglish
Article number110433
JournalMicrochemical Journal
Volume200
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 May 2024

Keywords

  • Antibiotic detection
  • Electrochemical sensor
  • Food control
  • Food safety
  • Milk detection
  • Screen-printed electrodes
  • Streptomycin

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