Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study

Marco Solmi; Trevor Thompson; Andrés Estradé; Agorastos Agorastos; Joaquim Radua; Samuele Cortese; Elena Dragioti; Davy Vancampfort; Lau Caspar Thygesen; Harald Aschauer; Monika Schlögelhofer; Elena Aschauer; Andres Schneeberger; Christian G. Huber; Gregor Hasler; Philippe Conus; Kim Q.Do Cuénod; Roland von Känel; Gonzalo Arrondo; Paolo Fusar-Poli; Philip Gorwood; Pierre Michel Llorca; Marie Odile Krebs; Elisabetta Scanferla; Taishiro Kishimoto; Golam Rabbani; Karolina Skonieczna-Zydecka; Paolo Brambilla; Angela Favaro; Akihiro Takamiya; Leonardo Zoccante; Marco Colizzi; Julie Bourgin; Karol Kaminski; Maryam Moghadasin; Soraya Seedat; Evan Matthews; John Wells; Emilia Vassilopoulou; Ary Gadelha; Kuan Pin Su; Jun Soo Kwon; Minah Kim; Tae Young Lee; Oleg Papsuev; Denisa Manková; Andrea Boscutti; Cristiano Gerunda; Diego Saccon; Elena Righi; Et al.; Thérèse van Amelsvoort

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972

Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study

Marco Solmi, Trevor Thompson, Andrés Estradé, Agorastos Agorastos, Joaquim Radua, Samuele Cortese, Elena Dragioti, Davy Vancampfort, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Harald Aschauer, Monika Schlögelhofer, Elena Aschauer, Andres Schneeberger, Christian G. Huber, Gregor Hasler, Philippe Conus, Kim Q.Do Cuénod, Roland von Känel, Gonzalo Arrondo, Paolo Fusar-PoliPhilip Gorwood, Pierre Michel Llorca, Marie Odile Krebs, Elisabetta Scanferla, Taishiro Kishimoto, Golam Rabbani, Karolina Skonieczna-Zydecka, Paolo Brambilla, Angela Favaro, Akihiro Takamiya, Leonardo Zoccante, Marco Colizzi, Julie Bourgin, Karol Kaminski, Maryam Moghadasin, Soraya Seedat, Evan Matthews, John Wells, Emilia Vassilopoulou, Ary Gadelha, Kuan Pin Su, Jun Soo Kwon, Minah Kim, Tae Young Lee, Oleg Papsuev, Denisa Manková, Andrea Boscutti, Cristiano Gerunda, Diego Saccon, Elena Righi, Et al., Thérèse van Amelsvoort

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

International studies measuring wellbeing/multidimensional mental health before/ during the COVID-19 pandemic, including representative samples for >2 years, identifying risk groups and coping strategies are lacking. COH-FIT is an online, international, anonymous survey measuring changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-score, and their associations with COVID-19 deaths/restrictions, 12 a-priori defined risk individual/cumulative factors, and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic (26/04/2020-26/06/2022) in 30 languages (representative, weighted non-representative, adults). T-test, ?2, penalized cubic splines, linear regression, correlation analyses were conducted. Analyzing 121,066/142,364 initiated surveys, WHO-5/P-score worsened intra-pandemic by 11.1±21.1/13.2±17.9 points (effect size d=0.50/0.60) (comparable results in representative/weighted non-probability samples). Persons with WHO-5 scores indicative of depression screening (<50, 13% to 32%) and major depression (<29, 3% to 12%) significantly increased. WHO-5 worsened from those with mental disorders, female sex, COVID-19-related loss, low-income country location, physical disorders, healthcare worker occupations, large city location, COVID-19 infection, unemployment, first-generation immigration, to age=18-29 with a cumulative effect. Similar findings emerged for P-score. Changes were significantly but minimally related to COVID-19 deaths, returning to near-pre-pandemic values after >2 years. The most subjectively effective coping strategies were exercise and walking, internet use, social contacts. Identified risk groups, coping strategies and outcome trajectories can inform global public health strategies.

Original language	English
Article number	115972
Journal	Psychiatry Research
Volume	342
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972
Publication status	Published - 1 Dec 2024

Keywords

Covid-19
Mental health
P-factor
Pandemic
Psychiatry
Psychopathology
Survey
Well-being
WHO-5

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Solmi, M., Thompson, T., Estradé, A., Agorastos, A., Radua, J., Cortese, S., Dragioti, E., Vancampfort, D., Thygesen, L. C., Aschauer, H., Schlögelhofer, M., Aschauer, E., Schneeberger, A., Huber, C. G., Hasler, G., Conus, P., Cuénod, K. Q. D., von Känel, R., Arrondo, G., ... van Amelsvoort, T. (2024). Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study. Psychiatry Research, 342, Article 115972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972

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title = "Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study",

abstract = "International studies measuring wellbeing/multidimensional mental health before/ during the COVID-19 pandemic, including representative samples for >2 years, identifying risk groups and coping strategies are lacking. COH-FIT is an online, international, anonymous survey measuring changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-score, and their associations with COVID-19 deaths/restrictions, 12 a-priori defined risk individual/cumulative factors, and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic (26/04/2020-26/06/2022) in 30 languages (representative, weighted non-representative, adults). T-test, ?2, penalized cubic splines, linear regression, correlation analyses were conducted. Analyzing 121,066/142,364 initiated surveys, WHO-5/P-score worsened intra-pandemic by 11.1±21.1/13.2±17.9 points (effect size d=0.50/0.60) (comparable results in representative/weighted non-probability samples). Persons with WHO-5 scores indicative of depression screening (<50, 13% to 32%) and major depression (<29, 3% to 12%) significantly increased. WHO-5 worsened from those with mental disorders, female sex, COVID-19-related loss, low-income country location, physical disorders, healthcare worker occupations, large city location, COVID-19 infection, unemployment, first-generation immigration, to age=18-29 with a cumulative effect. Similar findings emerged for P-score. Changes were significantly but minimally related to COVID-19 deaths, returning to near-pre-pandemic values after >2 years. The most subjectively effective coping strategies were exercise and walking, internet use, social contacts. Identified risk groups, coping strategies and outcome trajectories can inform global public health strategies.",

keywords = "Covid-19, Mental health, P-factor, Pandemic, Psychiatry, Psychopathology, Survey, Well-being, WHO-5",

author = "Marco Solmi and Trevor Thompson and Andr{\'e}s Estrad{\'e} and Agorastos Agorastos and Joaquim Radua and Samuele Cortese and Elena Dragioti and Davy Vancampfort and Thygesen, {Lau Caspar} and Harald Aschauer and Monika Schl{\"o}gelhofer and Elena Aschauer and Andres Schneeberger and Huber, {Christian G.} and Gregor Hasler and Philippe Conus and Cu{\'e}nod, {Kim Q.Do} and {von K{\"a}nel}, Roland and Gonzalo Arrondo and Paolo Fusar-Poli and Philip Gorwood and Llorca, {Pierre Michel} and Krebs, {Marie Odile} and Elisabetta Scanferla and Taishiro Kishimoto and Golam Rabbani and Karolina Skonieczna-Zydecka and Paolo Brambilla and Angela Favaro and Akihiro Takamiya and Leonardo Zoccante and Marco Colizzi and Julie Bourgin and Karol Kaminski and Maryam Moghadasin and Soraya Seedat and Evan Matthews and John Wells and Emilia Vassilopoulou and Ary Gadelha and Su, {Kuan Pin} and Kwon, {Jun Soo} and Minah Kim and Lee, {Tae Young} and Oleg Papsuev and Denisa Mankov{\'a} and Andrea Boscutti and Cristiano Gerunda and Diego Saccon and Elena Righi and {Et al.} and {van Amelsvoort}, Th{\'e}r{\`e}se",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Authors",

year = "2024",

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doi = "10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972",

language = "English",

volume = "342",

journal = "Psychiatry Research",

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Solmi, M, Thompson, T, Estradé, A, Agorastos, A, Radua, J, Cortese, S, Dragioti, E, Vancampfort, D, Thygesen, LC, Aschauer, H, Schlögelhofer, M, Aschauer, E, Schneeberger, A, Huber, CG, Hasler, G, Conus, P, Cuénod, KQD, von Känel, R, Arrondo, G, Fusar-Poli, P, Gorwood, P, Llorca, PM, Krebs, MO, Scanferla, E, Kishimoto, T, Rabbani, G, Skonieczna-Zydecka, K, Brambilla, P, Favaro, A, Takamiya, A, Zoccante, L, Colizzi, M, Bourgin, J, Kaminski, K, Moghadasin, M, Seedat, S, Matthews, E, Wells, J, Vassilopoulou, E, Gadelha, A, Su, KP, Kwon, JS, Kim, M, Lee, TY, Papsuev, O, Manková, D, Boscutti, A, Gerunda, C, Saccon, D, Righi, E, Et al. & van Amelsvoort, T 2024, 'Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study', Psychiatry Research, vol. 342, 115972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972

TY - JOUR

T1 - Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults

T2 - Results from the international COH-FIT Study

AU - Solmi, Marco

AU - Thompson, Trevor

AU - Estradé, Andrés

AU - Agorastos, Agorastos

AU - Radua, Joaquim

AU - Cortese, Samuele

AU - Dragioti, Elena

AU - Vancampfort, Davy

AU - Thygesen, Lau Caspar

AU - Aschauer, Harald

AU - Schlögelhofer, Monika

AU - Aschauer, Elena

AU - Schneeberger, Andres

AU - Huber, Christian G.

AU - Hasler, Gregor

AU - Conus, Philippe

AU - Cuénod, Kim Q.Do

AU - von Känel, Roland

AU - Arrondo, Gonzalo

AU - Fusar-Poli, Paolo

AU - Gorwood, Philip

AU - Llorca, Pierre Michel

AU - Krebs, Marie Odile

AU - Scanferla, Elisabetta

AU - Kishimoto, Taishiro

AU - Rabbani, Golam

AU - Skonieczna-Zydecka, Karolina

AU - Brambilla, Paolo

AU - Favaro, Angela

AU - Takamiya, Akihiro

AU - Zoccante, Leonardo

AU - Colizzi, Marco

AU - Bourgin, Julie

AU - Kaminski, Karol

AU - Moghadasin, Maryam

AU - Seedat, Soraya

AU - Matthews, Evan

AU - Wells, John

AU - Vassilopoulou, Emilia

AU - Gadelha, Ary

AU - Su, Kuan Pin

AU - Kwon, Jun Soo

AU - Kim, Minah

AU - Lee, Tae Young

AU - Papsuev, Oleg

AU - Manková, Denisa

AU - Boscutti, Andrea

AU - Gerunda, Cristiano

AU - Saccon, Diego

AU - Righi, Elena

AU - Et al.

AU - van Amelsvoort, Thérèse

PY - 2024/12/1

Y1 - 2024/12/1

N2 - International studies measuring wellbeing/multidimensional mental health before/ during the COVID-19 pandemic, including representative samples for >2 years, identifying risk groups and coping strategies are lacking. COH-FIT is an online, international, anonymous survey measuring changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-score, and their associations with COVID-19 deaths/restrictions, 12 a-priori defined risk individual/cumulative factors, and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic (26/04/2020-26/06/2022) in 30 languages (representative, weighted non-representative, adults). T-test, ?2, penalized cubic splines, linear regression, correlation analyses were conducted. Analyzing 121,066/142,364 initiated surveys, WHO-5/P-score worsened intra-pandemic by 11.1±21.1/13.2±17.9 points (effect size d=0.50/0.60) (comparable results in representative/weighted non-probability samples). Persons with WHO-5 scores indicative of depression screening (<50, 13% to 32%) and major depression (<29, 3% to 12%) significantly increased. WHO-5 worsened from those with mental disorders, female sex, COVID-19-related loss, low-income country location, physical disorders, healthcare worker occupations, large city location, COVID-19 infection, unemployment, first-generation immigration, to age=18-29 with a cumulative effect. Similar findings emerged for P-score. Changes were significantly but minimally related to COVID-19 deaths, returning to near-pre-pandemic values after >2 years. The most subjectively effective coping strategies were exercise and walking, internet use, social contacts. Identified risk groups, coping strategies and outcome trajectories can inform global public health strategies.

AB - International studies measuring wellbeing/multidimensional mental health before/ during the COVID-19 pandemic, including representative samples for >2 years, identifying risk groups and coping strategies are lacking. COH-FIT is an online, international, anonymous survey measuring changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-score, and their associations with COVID-19 deaths/restrictions, 12 a-priori defined risk individual/cumulative factors, and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic (26/04/2020-26/06/2022) in 30 languages (representative, weighted non-representative, adults). T-test, ?2, penalized cubic splines, linear regression, correlation analyses were conducted. Analyzing 121,066/142,364 initiated surveys, WHO-5/P-score worsened intra-pandemic by 11.1±21.1/13.2±17.9 points (effect size d=0.50/0.60) (comparable results in representative/weighted non-probability samples). Persons with WHO-5 scores indicative of depression screening (<50, 13% to 32%) and major depression (<29, 3% to 12%) significantly increased. WHO-5 worsened from those with mental disorders, female sex, COVID-19-related loss, low-income country location, physical disorders, healthcare worker occupations, large city location, COVID-19 infection, unemployment, first-generation immigration, to age=18-29 with a cumulative effect. Similar findings emerged for P-score. Changes were significantly but minimally related to COVID-19 deaths, returning to near-pre-pandemic values after >2 years. The most subjectively effective coping strategies were exercise and walking, internet use, social contacts. Identified risk groups, coping strategies and outcome trajectories can inform global public health strategies.

KW - Covid-19

KW - Mental health

KW - P-factor

KW - Pandemic

KW - Psychiatry

KW - Psychopathology

KW - Survey

KW - Well-being

KW - WHO-5

U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972

DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972

M3 - Article

SN - 0165-1781

VL - 342

JO - Psychiatry Research

JF - Psychiatry Research

M1 - 115972

ER -

Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study

Abstract

Keywords

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