Gastrointestinal Transit Time, Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health: Modulation by Dietary Fibers

Mattea Muller; Emanuel E. Canfora; Ellen E. Blaak

doi:10.3390/nu10030275

Gastrointestinal Transit Time, Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health: Modulation by Dietary Fibers

Mattea Muller, Emanuel E. Canfora, Ellen E. Blaak^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › (Systematic) Review article › peer-review

Abstract

Gastrointestinal transit time may be an important determinant of glucose homeostasis and metabolic health through effects on nutrient absorption and microbial composition, among other mechanisms. Modulation of gastrointestinal transit may be one of the mechanisms underlying the beneficial health effects of dietary fibers. These effects include improved glucose homeostasis and a reduced risk of developing metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we first discuss the regulation of gastric emptying rate, small intestinal transit and colonic transit as well as their relation to glucose homeostasis and metabolic health. Subsequently, we briefly address the reported health effects of different dietary fibers and discuss to what extent the fiber-induced health benefits may be mediated through modulation of gastrointestinal transit.

Original language	English
Article number	275
Number of pages	18
Journal	Nutrients
Volume	10
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10030275
Publication status	Published - Mar 2018

Keywords

dietary fiber
gastrointestinal transit
microbiota
obesity
type 2 diabetes
DEPENDENT DIABETIC-PATIENTS
SUSTAINED PECTIN INGESTION
SMALL-INTESTINAL TRANSIT
MIGRATING MOTOR COMPLEX
GUT MICROBIOTA
GUAR GUM
INSULIN SENSITIVITY
CEREAL-FIBER
WHOLE-GRAIN
BOWEL FUNCTION

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10.3390/nu10030275Licence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Gastrointestinal Transit Time, Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health: Modulation by Dietary Fibers",

abstract = "Gastrointestinal transit time may be an important determinant of glucose homeostasis and metabolic health through effects on nutrient absorption and microbial composition, among other mechanisms. Modulation of gastrointestinal transit may be one of the mechanisms underlying the beneficial health effects of dietary fibers. These effects include improved glucose homeostasis and a reduced risk of developing metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we first discuss the regulation of gastric emptying rate, small intestinal transit and colonic transit as well as their relation to glucose homeostasis and metabolic health. Subsequently, we briefly address the reported health effects of different dietary fibers and discuss to what extent the fiber-induced health benefits may be mediated through modulation of gastrointestinal transit.",

keywords = "dietary fiber, gastrointestinal transit, microbiota, obesity, type 2 diabetes, DEPENDENT DIABETIC-PATIENTS, SUSTAINED PECTIN INGESTION, SMALL-INTESTINAL TRANSIT, MIGRATING MOTOR COMPLEX, GUT MICROBIOTA, GUAR GUM, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, CEREAL-FIBER, WHOLE-GRAIN, BOWEL FUNCTION",

author = "Mattea Muller and Canfora, {Emanuel E.} and Blaak, {Ellen E.}",

year = "2018",

month = mar,

doi = "10.3390/nu10030275",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

journal = "Nutrients",

issn = "2072-6643",

publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",

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T1 - Gastrointestinal Transit Time, Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health

T2 - Modulation by Dietary Fibers

AU - Muller, Mattea

AU - Canfora, Emanuel E.

AU - Blaak, Ellen E.

PY - 2018/3

Y1 - 2018/3

N2 - Gastrointestinal transit time may be an important determinant of glucose homeostasis and metabolic health through effects on nutrient absorption and microbial composition, among other mechanisms. Modulation of gastrointestinal transit may be one of the mechanisms underlying the beneficial health effects of dietary fibers. These effects include improved glucose homeostasis and a reduced risk of developing metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we first discuss the regulation of gastric emptying rate, small intestinal transit and colonic transit as well as their relation to glucose homeostasis and metabolic health. Subsequently, we briefly address the reported health effects of different dietary fibers and discuss to what extent the fiber-induced health benefits may be mediated through modulation of gastrointestinal transit.

AB - Gastrointestinal transit time may be an important determinant of glucose homeostasis and metabolic health through effects on nutrient absorption and microbial composition, among other mechanisms. Modulation of gastrointestinal transit may be one of the mechanisms underlying the beneficial health effects of dietary fibers. These effects include improved glucose homeostasis and a reduced risk of developing metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we first discuss the regulation of gastric emptying rate, small intestinal transit and colonic transit as well as their relation to glucose homeostasis and metabolic health. Subsequently, we briefly address the reported health effects of different dietary fibers and discuss to what extent the fiber-induced health benefits may be mediated through modulation of gastrointestinal transit.

KW - dietary fiber

KW - gastrointestinal transit

KW - microbiota

KW - obesity

KW - type 2 diabetes

KW - DEPENDENT DIABETIC-PATIENTS

KW - SUSTAINED PECTIN INGESTION

KW - SMALL-INTESTINAL TRANSIT

KW - MIGRATING MOTOR COMPLEX

KW - GUT MICROBIOTA

KW - GUAR GUM

KW - INSULIN SENSITIVITY

KW - CEREAL-FIBER

KW - WHOLE-GRAIN

KW - BOWEL FUNCTION

U2 - 10.3390/nu10030275

DO - 10.3390/nu10030275

M3 - (Systematic) Review article

C2 - 29495569

SN - 2072-6643

VL - 10

JO - Nutrients

JF - Nutrients

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M1 - 275

ER -