TY - JOUR
T1 - Fructose Intake From Fruit Juice and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Is Associated With Higher Intrahepatic Lipid Content
T2 - The Maastricht Study
AU - Buziau, Amée M
AU - Eussen, Simone J P M
AU - Kooi, M Eline
AU - van der Kallen, Carla J H
AU - van Dongen, Martien C J M
AU - Schaper, Nicolaas C
AU - Henry, Ronald M A
AU - Schram, Miranda T
AU - Dagnelie, Pieter C
AU - van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J
AU - Wesselius, Anke
AU - Bekers, Otto
AU - Meex, Steven J R
AU - Schalkwijk, Casper G
AU - Stehouwer, Coen D A
AU - Brouwers, Martijn C G J
N1 - Funding Information:
was supported by the Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation (personal grant 2017.82.004 to M.C.G.J.B.). The Maastricht Study was supported by the European Regional Development Fund via OP-Zuid, the Province of Limburg, the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs (grant 31O.041), Stichting De Weijerhorst (Maastricht, the Netherlands), the Pearl String Initiative Diabetes (Amsterdam, the Netherlands), School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI) (Maastricht, the Netherlands), School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) (Maastricht, the Netherlands), Stichting Annadal (Maastricht, the Netherlands), and Health Foundation Limburg (Maastricht, the Netherlands) and by unrestricted grants from Janssen-Cilag B.V.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the American Diabetes Association.
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological evidence regarding the relationship between fructose intake and intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content is inconclusive. We, therefore, assessed the relationship between different sources of fructose and IHL at the population level.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from The Maastricht Study, with a population-based cohort (n = 3,981; mean ± SD age: 60 ± 9 years; 50% women). We assessed the relationship between fructose intake (assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire)-total and derived from fruit, fruit juice, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)-and IHL (quantified with 3T Dixon MRI) with adjustment for age, sex, type 2 diabetes, education, smoking status, physical activity, and intakes of total energy, alcohol, saturated fat, protein, vitamin E, and dietary fiber.RESULTS: Energy-adjusted total fructose intake and energy-adjusted fructose from fruit were not associated with IHL in the fully adjusted models (P = 0.647 and P = 0.767). In contrast, energy-adjusted intake of fructose from fruit juice and SSB was associated with higher IHL in the fully adjusted models (P = 0.019 and P = 0.009). Individuals in the highest tertile of energy-adjusted intake of fructose from fruit juice and SSB had a 1.04-fold (95% CI 0.99; 1.11) and 1.09-fold (95% CI 1.03; 1.16) higher IHL, respectively, in comparison with the lowest tertile in the fully adjusted models. Finally, the association for fructose from fruit juice was stronger in individuals with type 2 diabetes (P for interaction = 0.071).CONCLUSIONS: Fructose from fruit juice and SSB is independently associated with higher IHL. These cross-sectional findings contribute to current knowledge in support of measures to reduce the intake of fructose-containing beverages as a means to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease at the population level.
AB - OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological evidence regarding the relationship between fructose intake and intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content is inconclusive. We, therefore, assessed the relationship between different sources of fructose and IHL at the population level.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from The Maastricht Study, with a population-based cohort (n = 3,981; mean ± SD age: 60 ± 9 years; 50% women). We assessed the relationship between fructose intake (assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire)-total and derived from fruit, fruit juice, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)-and IHL (quantified with 3T Dixon MRI) with adjustment for age, sex, type 2 diabetes, education, smoking status, physical activity, and intakes of total energy, alcohol, saturated fat, protein, vitamin E, and dietary fiber.RESULTS: Energy-adjusted total fructose intake and energy-adjusted fructose from fruit were not associated with IHL in the fully adjusted models (P = 0.647 and P = 0.767). In contrast, energy-adjusted intake of fructose from fruit juice and SSB was associated with higher IHL in the fully adjusted models (P = 0.019 and P = 0.009). Individuals in the highest tertile of energy-adjusted intake of fructose from fruit juice and SSB had a 1.04-fold (95% CI 0.99; 1.11) and 1.09-fold (95% CI 1.03; 1.16) higher IHL, respectively, in comparison with the lowest tertile in the fully adjusted models. Finally, the association for fructose from fruit juice was stronger in individuals with type 2 diabetes (P for interaction = 0.071).CONCLUSIONS: Fructose from fruit juice and SSB is independently associated with higher IHL. These cross-sectional findings contribute to current knowledge in support of measures to reduce the intake of fructose-containing beverages as a means to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease at the population level.
U2 - 10.2337/dc21-2123
DO - 10.2337/dc21-2123
M3 - Article
C2 - 35158374
SN - 0149-5992
VL - 45
SP - 1116
EP - 1123
JO - Diabetes Care
JF - Diabetes Care
IS - 5
ER -