Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative Results

Petra A Custers; Monique Maas; Doenja M J Lambregts; Regina G H Beets-Tan; Geerard L Beets; Femke P Peters; Corrie A M Marijnen; Monique E van Leerdam; Inge L Huibregtse; Baukelien van Triest

doi:10.3390/cancers14225565

Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative Results

Petra A Custers, Monique Maas, Doenja M J Lambregts, Regina G H Beets-Tan, Geerard L Beets, Femke P Peters, Corrie A M Marijnen, Monique E van Leerdam, Inge L Huibregtse, Baukelien van Triest^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

After neoadjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy for rectal cancer, contact X-ray brachytherapy (CXB) can be applied aiming at organ preservation. This explorative study describes the early features on endoscopy and MRI after CXB. Patients treated with CXB following (chemo)radiotherapy and a follow-up of ≥12 months were selected. Endoscopy and MRI were performed every 3 months. Expert readers scored all the images according to structured reporting templates. Thirty-six patients were included, 15 of whom obtained a cCR. On endoscopy, the most frequently observed feature early in follow-up was an ulcer, regardless of whether patients developed a cCR. A flat, white scar and tumor mass were common at 6 months. Focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI and mass-like high signal on DWI were generally absent in patients with a cCR. An ulceration on T2W-MRI and "reactive" mucosal signal on DWI were observed early in follow-up regardless of the final tumor response. The distinction between a cCR and a residual tumor generally can be made at 6 months. Features associated with a residual tumor are tumor mass on endoscopy, focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI, and mass-like high signal on DWI. Early recognition of these features is necessary to identify patients who will not develop a cCR as early as possible.

Original language	English
Article number	5565
Number of pages	14
Journal	Cancers
Volume	14
Issue number	22
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14225565
Publication status	Published - 13 Nov 2022

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10.3390/cancers14225565Licence: CC BY

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Custers, P. A., Maas, M., Lambregts, D. M. J., Beets-Tan, R. G. H., Beets, G. L., Peters, F. P., Marijnen, C. A. M., van Leerdam, M. E., Huibregtse, I. L., & van Triest, B. (2022). Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative Results. Cancers, 14(22), Article 5565. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14225565

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abstract = "After neoadjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy for rectal cancer, contact X-ray brachytherapy (CXB) can be applied aiming at organ preservation. This explorative study describes the early features on endoscopy and MRI after CXB. Patients treated with CXB following (chemo)radiotherapy and a follow-up of ≥12 months were selected. Endoscopy and MRI were performed every 3 months. Expert readers scored all the images according to structured reporting templates. Thirty-six patients were included, 15 of whom obtained a cCR. On endoscopy, the most frequently observed feature early in follow-up was an ulcer, regardless of whether patients developed a cCR. A flat, white scar and tumor mass were common at 6 months. Focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI and mass-like high signal on DWI were generally absent in patients with a cCR. An ulceration on T2W-MRI and {"}reactive{"} mucosal signal on DWI were observed early in follow-up regardless of the final tumor response. The distinction between a cCR and a residual tumor generally can be made at 6 months. Features associated with a residual tumor are tumor mass on endoscopy, focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI, and mass-like high signal on DWI. Early recognition of these features is necessary to identify patients who will not develop a cCR as early as possible.",

author = "Custers, {Petra A} and Monique Maas and Lambregts, {Doenja M J} and Beets-Tan, {Regina G H} and Beets, {Geerard L} and Peters, {Femke P} and Marijnen, {Corrie A M} and {van Leerdam}, {Monique E} and Huibregtse, {Inge L} and {van Triest}, Baukelien",

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T2 - Explorative Results

AU - Custers, Petra A

AU - Maas, Monique

AU - Lambregts, Doenja M J

AU - Beets-Tan, Regina G H

AU - Beets, Geerard L

AU - Peters, Femke P

AU - Marijnen, Corrie A M

AU - van Leerdam, Monique E

AU - Huibregtse, Inge L

AU - van Triest, Baukelien

PY - 2022/11/13

Y1 - 2022/11/13

N2 - After neoadjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy for rectal cancer, contact X-ray brachytherapy (CXB) can be applied aiming at organ preservation. This explorative study describes the early features on endoscopy and MRI after CXB. Patients treated with CXB following (chemo)radiotherapy and a follow-up of ≥12 months were selected. Endoscopy and MRI were performed every 3 months. Expert readers scored all the images according to structured reporting templates. Thirty-six patients were included, 15 of whom obtained a cCR. On endoscopy, the most frequently observed feature early in follow-up was an ulcer, regardless of whether patients developed a cCR. A flat, white scar and tumor mass were common at 6 months. Focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI and mass-like high signal on DWI were generally absent in patients with a cCR. An ulceration on T2W-MRI and "reactive" mucosal signal on DWI were observed early in follow-up regardless of the final tumor response. The distinction between a cCR and a residual tumor generally can be made at 6 months. Features associated with a residual tumor are tumor mass on endoscopy, focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI, and mass-like high signal on DWI. Early recognition of these features is necessary to identify patients who will not develop a cCR as early as possible.

AB - After neoadjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy for rectal cancer, contact X-ray brachytherapy (CXB) can be applied aiming at organ preservation. This explorative study describes the early features on endoscopy and MRI after CXB. Patients treated with CXB following (chemo)radiotherapy and a follow-up of ≥12 months were selected. Endoscopy and MRI were performed every 3 months. Expert readers scored all the images according to structured reporting templates. Thirty-six patients were included, 15 of whom obtained a cCR. On endoscopy, the most frequently observed feature early in follow-up was an ulcer, regardless of whether patients developed a cCR. A flat, white scar and tumor mass were common at 6 months. Focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI and mass-like high signal on DWI were generally absent in patients with a cCR. An ulceration on T2W-MRI and "reactive" mucosal signal on DWI were observed early in follow-up regardless of the final tumor response. The distinction between a cCR and a residual tumor generally can be made at 6 months. Features associated with a residual tumor are tumor mass on endoscopy, focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI, and mass-like high signal on DWI. Early recognition of these features is necessary to identify patients who will not develop a cCR as early as possible.

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DO - 10.3390/cancers14225565

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