@article{49a50aebac3545c79c2af482d2323a80,
title = "Feasibility and utility of a combined nasogastric-tube-and-string-test device for bacteriologic confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis in young children",
abstract = "For microbiological confirmation of pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), gastric aspirates (GA) are often operationally unfeasible without hospitalization, and the encapsulated orogastric string test is not easily swallowed in young children. The Combined-NasoGastric-Tube-and-String-Test (CNGTST) enables dual collection of GA and string specimens. In a prospective cohort study in Kenya, we examined its feasibility in children under five with presumptive PTB and compared the bacteriological yield of string to GA. Paired GA and string samples were successfully collected in 95.6 % (281/294) of children. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from 7.0 % (38/541) of GA and 4.3 % (23/541) of string samples, diagnosing 8.2 % (23/281) of children using GA and 5.3 % (15/281) using string. The CNGTST was feasible in nearly all children. Yield from string was two-thirds that of GA despite a half-hour median dwelling time. In settings where the feasibility of hospitalisation for GA is uncertain, the string component can be used to confirm PTB.",
keywords = "Diagnosis, Gastric aspirate, Microbiological confirmation, Pediatric tuberculosis, String",
author = "Nisreen Khambati and Rinn Song and Smith, {Jonathan P.} and Bijker, {Else Margreet} and Kimberly McCarthy and Click, {Eleanor S.} and Walter Mchembere and Albert Okumu and Susan Musau and Elisha Okeyo and Perez-Velez, {Carlos M.} and Kevin Cain",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) . A portion of this work was funded by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA [grant number K23HD072802 to RS]. Funding Information: This work was supported by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A portion of this work was funded by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development [K23HD072802 to RS]. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position of the funding agencies. The funder(s) had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Funding Information: This work was supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A portion of this work was funded by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA [grant number K23HD072802 to RS]. NK was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under award number 1UO1AI52084-01. EB was supported by a fellowship award from the European Society for Paediatric Infecrious Diseases. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health, which had no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis and interpretation of data or in writing the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s)",
year = "2024",
month = jul,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116302",
language = "English",
volume = "109",
journal = "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease",
issn = "0732-8893",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
number = "3",
}