Face your fears: breaking through fear-avoidance and persistent post-concussion symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury

This thesis has shed light on why some people struggle with long-lasting symptoms after a concussion, such as fatigue, anxiety, or memory issues. While most recover within weeks, others face ongoing problems that impact their daily lives. This research highlights how fear and avoidance of symptoms—like believing activity will make symptoms worse—can actually prolong recovery. Drawing on this fear-avoidance model, a novel, intensive exposure therapy was developed to help people confront their fears in a supportive setting. Patient studies showed promising results: reduced avoidance behaviors, improved daily functioning, and better overall wellbeing. Interviews with participants up to two years later confirmed these benefits, with many describing the therapy as life-changing. The findings support a shift toward more personalized, psychologically informed treatments for concussion recovery, offering hope to those living with persistent post-concussion symptoms.