Exploring the controversies in synchronous oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer

This thesis explored the current controversies surrounding synchronous oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer. This patient population is characterized by a limited number of metastases, in which the addition of radical local treatment—such as radiotherapy or surgery—to systemic therapy (immunotherapy and/or chemotherapy) may lead to prolonged survival and, in some cases, even cure.
An important question, however, is whether oligometastatic disease truly exists as a distinct clinical entity and whether this intensive treatment strategy is genuinely effective. The findings of this thesis demonstrate that there are indeed patients who benefit from a radical approach and achieve longer survival. At the same time, it remains challenging to accurately predict in advance which patients will or will not benefit from such treatment.
This thesis therefore highlights the need for further research into prognostic factors. The ultimate goal is to enable a more personalized treatment approach, which may not only improve clinical outcomes but also enhance the quality of patient care and support shared decision-making.