Abstract
Background: Poor nutritional status is frequently observed in end-stage renal disease patients and associated with adverse clinical outcomes and increased mortality. Loss of amino acids (AAs) during hemodialysis (HD) may contribute to protein malnutrition in these patients.
Objective: We aimed to assess the extent of AA loss during HD in end-stage renal disease patients consuming their habitual diet.
Methods: Ten anuric chronic HD patients (mean +/- SD age: 67.9 +/- 19.3 y, BMI: 23.2 +/- 3.5 kg/m(2)), undergoing HD 3 times per week, were selected to participate in this study. Spent dialysate was collected continuously and plasma samples were obtained directly before and after a single HD session in each participant. AA profiles in spent dialysate and in pre-HD and post-HD plasma were measured through ultra-performance liquid chromatography to determine AA concentrations and, as such, net loss of AAs. In addition, dietary intake before and throughout HD was assessed using a 24-h food recall questionnaire during HD. Paired-sample t tests were conducted to compare pre-HD and post-HD plasma AA concentrations.
Results: During an HD session, 11.95 +/- 0.69 g AAs were lost via the dialysate, of which 8.26 +/- 0.46 gwere nonessential AAs, 3.69 +/- 0.31 g were essential AAs, and 1.64 +/- 0.17 g were branched-chain AAs. As a consequence, plasma total and essential AA concentrations declined significantly from 2.88 +/- 0.15 and 0.80 +/- 0.05 mmol/L to 2.27 +/- 0.11 and 0.66 +/- 0.05 mmol/L, respectively (P <0.05). AA profiles of pre-HD plasma and spent dialysate were similar. Moreover, AA concentrations in pre-HD plasma and spent dialysate were strongly correlated (Spearman's. = 0.92, P <0.001).
Conclusions: During a single HD session, similar to 12 g AAs are lost into the dialysate, causing a significant decline in plasma AA concentrations. AA loss during HD can contribute substantially to protein malnutrition in end-stage renal disease patients.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1160-1166 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Journal of Nutrition |
Volume | 150 |
Issue number | 5 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - May 2020 |
Keywords
- protein
- muscle wasting
- nutrient loss
- kidney disease
- chronic hemodialysis patients
- MUSCLE PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS
- CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE
- INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY
- CONSENSUS STATEMENT
- WHEY-PROTEIN
- NUTRITION
- ENERGY
- DIALYSIS
- SUBSEQUENT
- INGESTION