TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of Gut Microbiota Manipulation by Antibiotics on Host Metabolism in Obese Humans: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
AU - Reijnders, Dorien
AU - Goossens, Gijs H.
AU - Hermes, Gerben D. A.
AU - Neis, Evelien P. J. G.
AU - van der Beek, Kirsten
AU - Most, Jasper
AU - Holst, Jens J.
AU - Lenaerts, Kaatje
AU - Kootte, Ruud S.
AU - Nieuwdorp, Max
AU - Groen, Albert K.
AU - Olde Damink, Steven
AU - Boekschoten, Mark V.
AU - Smidt, Hauke
AU - Zoetendal, Erwin G.
AU - Dejong, Cornelis H. C.
AU - Blaak, Ellen E.
PY - 2016/7/12
Y1 - 2016/7/12
N2 - The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, although evidence in humans is scarce. We investigated how gut microbiota manipulation by antibiotics (7-day administration of amoxicillin, vancomycin, or placebo) affects host metabolism in 57 obese, prediabetic men. Vancomycin, but not amoxicillin, decreased bacterial diversity and reduced Firmicutes involved in short-chain fatty acid and bile acid metabolism, concomitant with altered plasma and/or fecal metabolite concentrations. Adipose tissue gene expression of oxidative pathways was upregulated by antibiotics, whereas immune-related pathways were downregulated by vancomycin. Antibiotics did not affect tissue-specific insulin sensitivity, energy/substrate metabolism, postprandial hormones and metabolites, systemic inflammation, gut permeability, and adipocyte size. Importantly, energy harvest, adipocyte size, and whole-body insulin sensitivity were not altered at 8-week follow-up, despite a still considerably altered microbial composition, indicating that interference with adult microbiota by 7-day antibiotic treatment has no clinically relevant impact on metabolic health in obese humans.
AB - The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, although evidence in humans is scarce. We investigated how gut microbiota manipulation by antibiotics (7-day administration of amoxicillin, vancomycin, or placebo) affects host metabolism in 57 obese, prediabetic men. Vancomycin, but not amoxicillin, decreased bacterial diversity and reduced Firmicutes involved in short-chain fatty acid and bile acid metabolism, concomitant with altered plasma and/or fecal metabolite concentrations. Adipose tissue gene expression of oxidative pathways was upregulated by antibiotics, whereas immune-related pathways were downregulated by vancomycin. Antibiotics did not affect tissue-specific insulin sensitivity, energy/substrate metabolism, postprandial hormones and metabolites, systemic inflammation, gut permeability, and adipocyte size. Importantly, energy harvest, adipocyte size, and whole-body insulin sensitivity were not altered at 8-week follow-up, despite a still considerably altered microbial composition, indicating that interference with adult microbiota by 7-day antibiotic treatment has no clinically relevant impact on metabolic health in obese humans.
U2 - 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.06.016
DO - 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.06.016
M3 - Article
C2 - 27411009
VL - 24
SP - 63
EP - 74
JO - Cell Metabolism
JF - Cell Metabolism
SN - 1550-4131
IS - 1
ER -