Double Trouble: Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Ocular Syphilis in HIV-infected Individuals

Rafael de Pinho Queiroz; Derrick P. Smit; Remco P. H. Peters; Daniel Vitor Vasconcelos-Santos

doi:10.1080/09273948.2020.1772839

Double Trouble: Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Ocular Syphilis in HIV-infected Individuals

Rafael de Pinho Queiroz, Derrick P. Smit^*, Remco P. H. Peters, Daniel Vitor Vasconcelos-Santos

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › (Systematic) Review article › peer-review

Abstract

Syphilis and HIV infection may coexist in the same individual. Ocular syphilis and/or neurosyphilis may develop at any stage of coinfection, with a stronger association between ocular and neurosyphilis in individuals living with HIV, than in HIV-uninfected individuals. The diagnosis of ocular syphilis in HIV-infected and -uninfected patients remains with some controversy due to unspecific clinical manifestations and limited diagnostic tests. Penicillin is the mainstay of treatment of ocular syphilis, but alternative options are warranted. This review describes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by ocular syphilis against the background of HIV coinfection.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1040-1048
Number of pages	9
Journal	Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
Volume	28
Issue number	7
Early online date	12 Jul 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2020.1772839
Publication status	Published - 2 Oct 2020

Keywords

Challenges
diagnosis
HIV
management
ocular syphilis
HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS
TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM
CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS
TREATMENT OUTCOMES
OPTIC NEURITIS
UVEITIS
NEUROSYPHILIS
SECONDARY
TIME
PREVALENCE

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10.1080/09273948.2020.1772839

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@article{46d802c8f2144c378767ac63dcfc9629,

title = "Double Trouble: Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Ocular Syphilis in HIV-infected Individuals",

abstract = "Syphilis and HIV infection may coexist in the same individual. Ocular syphilis and/or neurosyphilis may develop at any stage of coinfection, with a stronger association between ocular and neurosyphilis in individuals living with HIV, than in HIV-uninfected individuals. The diagnosis of ocular syphilis in HIV-infected and -uninfected patients remains with some controversy due to unspecific clinical manifestations and limited diagnostic tests. Penicillin is the mainstay of treatment of ocular syphilis, but alternative options are warranted. This review describes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by ocular syphilis against the background of HIV coinfection.",

keywords = "Challenges, diagnosis, HIV, management, ocular syphilis, HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS, TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM, CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS, TREATMENT OUTCOMES, OPTIC NEURITIS, UVEITIS, NEUROSYPHILIS, SECONDARY, TIME, PREVALENCE",

author = "Queiroz, {Rafael de Pinho} and Smit, {Derrick P.} and Peters, {Remco P. H.} and Vasconcelos-Santos, {Daniel Vitor}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Financial support: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient{\'i}fico e Tecnol{\'o}gico–CNPq (DVV-S, Bolsa de Produtividade em Pesquisa) [313293/2018-0]. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, {\textcopyright} 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.",

year = "2020",

month = oct,

day = "2",

doi = "10.1080/09273948.2020.1772839",

language = "English",

volume = "28",

pages = "1040--1048",

journal = "Ocular Immunology and Inflammation",

issn = "0927-3948",

publisher = "Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Double Trouble

T2 - Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Ocular Syphilis in HIV-infected Individuals

AU - Queiroz, Rafael de Pinho

AU - Smit, Derrick P.

AU - Peters, Remco P. H.

AU - Vasconcelos-Santos, Daniel Vitor

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Financial support: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico–CNPq (DVV-S, Bolsa de Produtividade em Pesquisa) [313293/2018-0]. Publisher Copyright: © 2020, © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

PY - 2020/10/2

Y1 - 2020/10/2

N2 - Syphilis and HIV infection may coexist in the same individual. Ocular syphilis and/or neurosyphilis may develop at any stage of coinfection, with a stronger association between ocular and neurosyphilis in individuals living with HIV, than in HIV-uninfected individuals. The diagnosis of ocular syphilis in HIV-infected and -uninfected patients remains with some controversy due to unspecific clinical manifestations and limited diagnostic tests. Penicillin is the mainstay of treatment of ocular syphilis, but alternative options are warranted. This review describes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by ocular syphilis against the background of HIV coinfection.

AB - Syphilis and HIV infection may coexist in the same individual. Ocular syphilis and/or neurosyphilis may develop at any stage of coinfection, with a stronger association between ocular and neurosyphilis in individuals living with HIV, than in HIV-uninfected individuals. The diagnosis of ocular syphilis in HIV-infected and -uninfected patients remains with some controversy due to unspecific clinical manifestations and limited diagnostic tests. Penicillin is the mainstay of treatment of ocular syphilis, but alternative options are warranted. This review describes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by ocular syphilis against the background of HIV coinfection.

KW - Challenges

KW - diagnosis

KW - HIV

KW - management

KW - ocular syphilis

KW - HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS

KW - TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM

KW - CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS

KW - TREATMENT OUTCOMES

KW - OPTIC NEURITIS

KW - UVEITIS

KW - NEUROSYPHILIS

KW - SECONDARY

KW - TIME

KW - PREVALENCE

U2 - 10.1080/09273948.2020.1772839

DO - 10.1080/09273948.2020.1772839

M3 - (Systematic) Review article

C2 - 32657637

SN - 0927-3948

VL - 28

SP - 1040

EP - 1048

JO - Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

JF - Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

IS - 7

ER -

Double Trouble: Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Ocular Syphilis in HIV-infected Individuals

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Keywords

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