Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates or loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men: a randomized controlled trial

S.P. Kilroe; J. Fulford; S. Jackman; A. Holwerda; A. Gijsen; L. van Loon; B.T. Wall

doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa136

Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates or loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men: a randomized controlled trial

S.P. Kilroe, J. Fulford, S. Jackman, A. Holwerda, A. Gijsen, L. van Loon, B.T. Wall^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

Background: Short-term (

Objectives: To assess the influence of graded dietary protein intakes on daily MyoPS rates and the loss of muscle mass during 3 d of disuse.

Methods: Thirty-three healthy young men (aged 22 +/- 1 y; BMI = 23 +/- 1 kg/m(2)) initially consumed the same standardized diet for 5 d. providing 1.6 g protein/kg body mass/d. Thereafter, participants underwent a 3-d period of unilateral leg immobilization during which they were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 eucaloric diets containing relatively high, low, or no protein (HIGH: 1.6. LOW: 0.5, NO: 0.15 g protein/kg/d; n = 11 per group). One day prior to immobilization participants ingested 400 mL deuterated water (D2O) with 50-mL doses consumed daily thereafter. Prior to and immediately after immobilization upper leg bilateral MRI scans and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were performed to measure quadriceps muscle volume and daily MyoPS rates, respectively.

Results: Quadriceps muscle volume of the control legs remained unchanged throughout the experiment (P > 0.05). Immobilization led to 2.3 +/- 0.4%, 2.7 +/- 0.2%, and 2.0 +/- 0.4% decreases in quadriceps muscle volume (P < 0.05) of the immobilized leg in the HIGH. LOW, and NO groups (P < 0.05), respectively, with no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). D2O ingestion resulted in comparable plasma free [H-2]-alanine enrichments during immobilization (similar to 1.5 mole percentage excess) across groups (P > 0.05). Daily MyoPS rates during immobilization were 30 +/- 2% (HIGH), 26 +/- 3% (LOW), and 27 +/- 2% (NO) lower in the immobilized compared with the control leg, with no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions: Three days of muscle disuse induces considerable declines in muscle mass and daily MyoPS rates. However, daily protein intake does not modulate any of these muscle deconditioning responses.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	548-561
Number of pages	14
Journal	American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Volume	113
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa136
Publication status	Published - 1 Mar 2021

Keywords

AMINO-ACID
ANABOLIC RESISTANCE
BED-REST
CONCURRENT
EXERCISE
HEALTHY
HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE
SINGLE-LEG
SIZE
SUPPLEMENTATION
atrophy
dietary protein
immobilization
muscle protein synthesis
skeletal muscle

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Kilroe, S. P., Fulford, J., Jackman, S., Holwerda, A., Gijsen, A., van Loon, L., & Wall, B. T. (2021). Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates or loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men: a randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 113(3), 548-561. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa136

@article{91898d24ca324481a1a40ce67d86bb67,

title = "Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates or loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men: a randomized controlled trial",

abstract = "Background: Short-term (Objectives: To assess the influence of graded dietary protein intakes on daily MyoPS rates and the loss of muscle mass during 3 d of disuse.Methods: Thirty-three healthy young men (aged 22 +/- 1 y; BMI = 23 +/- 1 kg/m(2)) initially consumed the same standardized diet for 5 d. providing 1.6 g protein/kg body mass/d. Thereafter, participants underwent a 3-d period of unilateral leg immobilization during which they were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 eucaloric diets containing relatively high, low, or no protein (HIGH: 1.6. LOW: 0.5, NO: 0.15 g protein/kg/d; n = 11 per group). One day prior to immobilization participants ingested 400 mL deuterated water (D2O) with 50-mL doses consumed daily thereafter. Prior to and immediately after immobilization upper leg bilateral MRI scans and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were performed to measure quadriceps muscle volume and daily MyoPS rates, respectively.Results: Quadriceps muscle volume of the control legs remained unchanged throughout the experiment (P > 0.05). Immobilization led to 2.3 +/- 0.4%, 2.7 +/- 0.2%, and 2.0 +/- 0.4% decreases in quadriceps muscle volume (P < 0.05) of the immobilized leg in the HIGH. LOW, and NO groups (P < 0.05), respectively, with no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). D2O ingestion resulted in comparable plasma free [H-2]-alanine enrichments during immobilization (similar to 1.5 mole percentage excess) across groups (P > 0.05). Daily MyoPS rates during immobilization were 30 +/- 2% (HIGH), 26 +/- 3% (LOW), and 27 +/- 2% (NO) lower in the immobilized compared with the control leg, with no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05).Conclusions: Three days of muscle disuse induces considerable declines in muscle mass and daily MyoPS rates. However, daily protein intake does not modulate any of these muscle deconditioning responses.",

keywords = "AMINO-ACID, ANABOLIC RESISTANCE, BED-REST, CONCURRENT, EXERCISE, HEALTHY, HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE, SINGLE-LEG, SIZE, SUPPLEMENTATION, atrophy, dietary protein, immobilization, muscle protein synthesis, skeletal muscle",

author = "S.P. Kilroe and J. Fulford and S. Jackman and A. Holwerda and A. Gijsen and {van Loon}, L. and B.T. Wall",

year = "2021",

month = mar,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/ajcn/nqaa136",

language = "English",

volume = "113",

pages = "548--561",

journal = "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition",

issn = "0002-9165",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "3",

}

Kilroe, SP, Fulford, J, Jackman, S, Holwerda, A , Gijsen, A , van Loon, L & Wall, BT 2021, 'Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates or loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men: a randomized controlled trial', American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 113, no. 3, pp. 548-561. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa136

Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates or loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men: a randomized controlled trial. / Kilroe, S.P.; Fulford, J.; Jackman, S. et al.
In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 113, No. 3, 01.03.2021, p. 548-561.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates or loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men: a randomized controlled trial

AU - Kilroe, S.P.

AU - Fulford, J.

AU - Jackman, S.

AU - Holwerda, A.

AU - Gijsen, A.

AU - van Loon, L.

AU - Wall, B.T.

PY - 2021/3/1

Y1 - 2021/3/1

N2 - Background: Short-term (Objectives: To assess the influence of graded dietary protein intakes on daily MyoPS rates and the loss of muscle mass during 3 d of disuse.Methods: Thirty-three healthy young men (aged 22 +/- 1 y; BMI = 23 +/- 1 kg/m(2)) initially consumed the same standardized diet for 5 d. providing 1.6 g protein/kg body mass/d. Thereafter, participants underwent a 3-d period of unilateral leg immobilization during which they were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 eucaloric diets containing relatively high, low, or no protein (HIGH: 1.6. LOW: 0.5, NO: 0.15 g protein/kg/d; n = 11 per group). One day prior to immobilization participants ingested 400 mL deuterated water (D2O) with 50-mL doses consumed daily thereafter. Prior to and immediately after immobilization upper leg bilateral MRI scans and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were performed to measure quadriceps muscle volume and daily MyoPS rates, respectively.Results: Quadriceps muscle volume of the control legs remained unchanged throughout the experiment (P > 0.05). Immobilization led to 2.3 +/- 0.4%, 2.7 +/- 0.2%, and 2.0 +/- 0.4% decreases in quadriceps muscle volume (P < 0.05) of the immobilized leg in the HIGH. LOW, and NO groups (P < 0.05), respectively, with no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). D2O ingestion resulted in comparable plasma free [H-2]-alanine enrichments during immobilization (similar to 1.5 mole percentage excess) across groups (P > 0.05). Daily MyoPS rates during immobilization were 30 +/- 2% (HIGH), 26 +/- 3% (LOW), and 27 +/- 2% (NO) lower in the immobilized compared with the control leg, with no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05).Conclusions: Three days of muscle disuse induces considerable declines in muscle mass and daily MyoPS rates. However, daily protein intake does not modulate any of these muscle deconditioning responses.

AB - Background: Short-term (Objectives: To assess the influence of graded dietary protein intakes on daily MyoPS rates and the loss of muscle mass during 3 d of disuse.Methods: Thirty-three healthy young men (aged 22 +/- 1 y; BMI = 23 +/- 1 kg/m(2)) initially consumed the same standardized diet for 5 d. providing 1.6 g protein/kg body mass/d. Thereafter, participants underwent a 3-d period of unilateral leg immobilization during which they were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 eucaloric diets containing relatively high, low, or no protein (HIGH: 1.6. LOW: 0.5, NO: 0.15 g protein/kg/d; n = 11 per group). One day prior to immobilization participants ingested 400 mL deuterated water (D2O) with 50-mL doses consumed daily thereafter. Prior to and immediately after immobilization upper leg bilateral MRI scans and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were performed to measure quadriceps muscle volume and daily MyoPS rates, respectively.Results: Quadriceps muscle volume of the control legs remained unchanged throughout the experiment (P > 0.05). Immobilization led to 2.3 +/- 0.4%, 2.7 +/- 0.2%, and 2.0 +/- 0.4% decreases in quadriceps muscle volume (P < 0.05) of the immobilized leg in the HIGH. LOW, and NO groups (P < 0.05), respectively, with no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). D2O ingestion resulted in comparable plasma free [H-2]-alanine enrichments during immobilization (similar to 1.5 mole percentage excess) across groups (P > 0.05). Daily MyoPS rates during immobilization were 30 +/- 2% (HIGH), 26 +/- 3% (LOW), and 27 +/- 2% (NO) lower in the immobilized compared with the control leg, with no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05).Conclusions: Three days of muscle disuse induces considerable declines in muscle mass and daily MyoPS rates. However, daily protein intake does not modulate any of these muscle deconditioning responses.

KW - AMINO-ACID

KW - ANABOLIC RESISTANCE

KW - BED-REST

KW - CONCURRENT

KW - EXERCISE

KW - HEALTHY

KW - HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE

KW - SINGLE-LEG

KW - SIZE

KW - SUPPLEMENTATION

KW - atrophy

KW - dietary protein

KW - immobilization

KW - muscle protein synthesis

KW - skeletal muscle

U2 - 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa136

DO - 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa136

M3 - Article

C2 - 32469388

SN - 0002-9165

VL - 113

SP - 548

EP - 561

JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

IS - 3

ER -

Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates or loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men: a randomized controlled trial

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Keywords

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