TY - JOUR
T1 - Dark-blood late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance for improved detection of subendocardial scar
T2 - a review of current techniques
AU - Holtackers, Robert J.
AU - Van De Heyning, Caroline M.
AU - Chiribiri, Amedeo
AU - Wildberger, Joachim E.
AU - Botnar, Rene M.
AU - Kooi, M. Eline
PY - 2021/7/22
Y1 - 2021/7/22
N2 - For almost 20 years, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has been the reference standard for the non-invasive assessment of myocardial viability. Since the blood pool often appears equally bright as the enhanced scar regions, detection of subendocardial scar patterns can be challenging. Various novel LGE methods have been proposed that null or suppress the blood signal by employing additional magnetization preparation mechanisms. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these dark-blood LGE methods, discussing the magnetization preparation schemes and findings in phantom, preclinical, and clinical studies. Finally, conclusions on the current evidence and limitations are drawn and new avenues for future research are discussed. Dark-blood LGE methods are a promising new tool for non-invasive assessment of myocardial viability. For a mainstream adoption of dark-blood LGE, however, clinical availability and ease of use are crucial.
AB - For almost 20 years, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has been the reference standard for the non-invasive assessment of myocardial viability. Since the blood pool often appears equally bright as the enhanced scar regions, detection of subendocardial scar patterns can be challenging. Various novel LGE methods have been proposed that null or suppress the blood signal by employing additional magnetization preparation mechanisms. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these dark-blood LGE methods, discussing the magnetization preparation schemes and findings in phantom, preclinical, and clinical studies. Finally, conclusions on the current evidence and limitations are drawn and new avenues for future research are discussed. Dark-blood LGE methods are a promising new tool for non-invasive assessment of myocardial viability. For a mainstream adoption of dark-blood LGE, however, clinical availability and ease of use are crucial.
KW - Cardiovascular diseases
KW - Myocardial infarction
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Late gadolinium enhancement
KW - Myocardial scar
KW - MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION
KW - CONTRAST
KW - MRI
U2 - 10.1186/s12968-021-00777-6
DO - 10.1186/s12968-021-00777-6
M3 - (Systematic) Review article
C2 - 34289866
SN - 1097-6647
VL - 23
JO - Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
JF - Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
IS - 1
M1 - 96
ER -