TY - JOUR
T1 - The Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to Whey Protein Ingestion Is Greater in Middle-Aged Women Compared With Men
AU - Horstman, Astrid M. H.
AU - Kouw, Imre W. K.
AU - van Dijk, Jan-Willem
AU - Hamer, Henrike M.
AU - Groen, Bart B. L.
AU - van Kranenburg, Janneau
AU - Gorissen, Stefan H. M.
AU - van Loon, Luc J. C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial Support: This work was supported by TI Food and Nutrition, a public-private partnership on precompetitive research in food and nutrition. The researchers are responsible for the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. The industrial partners have contributed to the project through regular discussion.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Endocrine Society.
PY - 2019/4
Y1 - 2019/4
N2 - Rationale: Muscle mass maintenance is largely regulated by the postprandial rise in muscle protein synthesis rates. It remains unclear whether postprandial protein handling differs between women and men.Methods: Healthy men (43 +/- 3 years; body mass index, 23.4 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2); n = 12) and women (46 +/- 2 years; body mass index, 21.3 +/- 0.5 kg/m(2); n = 12) received primed continuous infusions of L-[ring-H-2(5)]-phenylalanine and L-[ring-3,5-H-2(2)]-tyrosine and ingested 25 g intrinsically L-[1-C-13]-phenylalanine-labeled whey protein. Blood samples and muscle biopsies were collected to assess dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics as well as basal and postprandial myofibrillar protein synthesis rates.Results: Plasma phenylalanine and leucine concentrations rapidly increased after protein ingestion (both P <0.001), with no differences between middle-aged women and men (Time x Sex, P = 0.307 and 0.529, respectively). The fraction of dietary protein-derived phenylalanine that appeared in the circulation over the 5-hour postprandial period averaged 56 +/- 1% and 53 +/- 1% in women and men, respectively (P = 0.145). Myofibrillar protein synthesis rates increased (Time, P = 0.010) from 0.035 +/- 0.004%/h and 0.030 +/- 0.002%/h in the postabsorptive state (t test, P = 0.319) to 0.045 +/- 0.002%/h and 0.034 +/- 0.002%/h in the 5-hour postprandial phase in middle-aged women and men, respectively, with higher postprandial myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in women compared with men (t test, P = 0.005). Middle-aged women showed a greater increase in myofibrillar protein synthesis rates during the early (0 to 2 hours) postprandial period compared with men (Time x Sex, P = 0.001).Conclusions: There are no differences in postabsorptive myofibrillar protein synthesis rates between middle-aged women and men. The myofibrillar protein synthetic response to the ingestion of 25 g whey protein is greater in women than in men.
AB - Rationale: Muscle mass maintenance is largely regulated by the postprandial rise in muscle protein synthesis rates. It remains unclear whether postprandial protein handling differs between women and men.Methods: Healthy men (43 +/- 3 years; body mass index, 23.4 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2); n = 12) and women (46 +/- 2 years; body mass index, 21.3 +/- 0.5 kg/m(2); n = 12) received primed continuous infusions of L-[ring-H-2(5)]-phenylalanine and L-[ring-3,5-H-2(2)]-tyrosine and ingested 25 g intrinsically L-[1-C-13]-phenylalanine-labeled whey protein. Blood samples and muscle biopsies were collected to assess dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics as well as basal and postprandial myofibrillar protein synthesis rates.Results: Plasma phenylalanine and leucine concentrations rapidly increased after protein ingestion (both P <0.001), with no differences between middle-aged women and men (Time x Sex, P = 0.307 and 0.529, respectively). The fraction of dietary protein-derived phenylalanine that appeared in the circulation over the 5-hour postprandial period averaged 56 +/- 1% and 53 +/- 1% in women and men, respectively (P = 0.145). Myofibrillar protein synthesis rates increased (Time, P = 0.010) from 0.035 +/- 0.004%/h and 0.030 +/- 0.002%/h in the postabsorptive state (t test, P = 0.319) to 0.045 +/- 0.002%/h and 0.034 +/- 0.002%/h in the 5-hour postprandial phase in middle-aged women and men, respectively, with higher postprandial myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in women compared with men (t test, P = 0.005). Middle-aged women showed a greater increase in myofibrillar protein synthesis rates during the early (0 to 2 hours) postprandial period compared with men (Time x Sex, P = 0.001).Conclusions: There are no differences in postabsorptive myofibrillar protein synthesis rates between middle-aged women and men. The myofibrillar protein synthetic response to the ingestion of 25 g whey protein is greater in women than in men.
KW - INTRINSICALLY LABELED MILK
KW - SKELETAL-MUSCLE
KW - RESISTANCE EXERCISE
KW - POSTABSORPTIVE STATE
KW - METABOLISM
KW - TESTOSTERONE
KW - KINETICS
KW - PROVIDES
KW - GLUCOSE
U2 - 10.1210/jc.2018-01734
DO - 10.1210/jc.2018-01734
M3 - Article
C2 - 30423113
SN - 0021-972X
VL - 104
SP - 994
EP - 1004
JO - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
JF - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
IS - 4
ER -