Constraints from LIGO O3 Data on Gravitational-wave Emission Due to R-modes in the Glitching Pulsar PSR J0537-6910

R. Abbott; T.D. Abbott; S. Abraham; F. Acernese; K. Ackley; A. Adams; C. Adams; R.X. Adhikari; V.B. Adya; C. Affeldt; D. Agarwal; M. Agathos; K. Agatsuma; N. Aggarwal; O.D. Aguiar; L. Aiello; A. Ain; P. Ajith; T. Akutsu; K.M. Aleman; G. Allen; A. Allocca; P.A. Altin; A. Amato; S. Anand; A. Ananyeva; S.B. Anderson; W.G. Anderson; M. Ando; S.V. Angelova; S. Ansoldi; J.M. Antelis; S. Antier; S. Appert; K. Arai; Y. Arai; S. Araki; A. Araya; M.C. Araya; J.S. Areeda; M. Arene; N. Aritomi; N. Arnaud; S.M. Aronson; K.G. Arun; H. Asada; Y. Asali; G. Ashton; Y. Aso; S. Hild; S.L. Danilishin; S.S. Steinlechner; J. Steinlechner; A.C. Utina; G. Koekoek; A. Singha; V. Spagnuolo; J.F.J. van den Brand

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0d52

Constraints from LIGO O3 Data on Gravitational-wave Emission Due to R-modes in the Glitching Pulsar PSR J0537-6910

R. Abbott^*, T.D. Abbott^*, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, A. Adams, C. Adams, R.X. Adhikari, V.B. Adya, C. Affeldt, D. Agarwal, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O.D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, T. Akutsu, K.M. AlemanG. Allen, A. Allocca, P.A. Altin, A. Amato, S. Anand, A. Ananyeva, S.B. Anderson, W.G. Anderson, M. Ando, S.V. Angelova, S. Ansoldi, J.M. Antelis, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, Y. Arai, S. Araki, A. Araya, M.C. Araya, J.S. Areeda, M. Arene, N. Aritomi, N. Arnaud, S.M. Aronson, K.G. Arun, H. Asada, Y. Asali, G. Ashton, Y. Aso, S. Hild, S.L. Danilishin, S.S. Steinlechner, J. Steinlechner, A.C. Utina, G. Koekoek, A. Singha, V. Spagnuolo, J.F.J. van den Brand

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

We present a search for continuous gravitational-wave emission due to r-modes in the pulsar PSR J0537-6910 using data from the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration observing run O3. PSR J0537-6910 is a young energetic X-ray pulsar and is the most frequent glitcher known. The inter-glitch braking index of the pulsar suggests that gravitational-wave emission due to r-mode oscillations may play an important role in the spin evolution of this pulsar. Theoretical models confirm this possibility and predict emission at a level that can be probed by ground-based detectors. In order to explore this scenario, we search for r-mode emission in the epochs between glitches by using a contemporaneous timing ephemeris obtained from NICER data. We do not detect any signals in the theoretically expected band of 86-97 Hz, and report upper limits on the amplitude of the gravitational waves. Our results improve on previous amplitude upper limits from r-modes in J0537-6910 by a factor of up to 3 and place stringent constraints on theoretical models for r-mode-driven spin-down in PSR J0537-6910, especially for higher frequencies at which our results reach below the spin-down limit defined by energy conservation.

Original language	English
Article number	71
Number of pages	22
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	922
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac0d52
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2021

Keywords

Gravitational waves
INSTABILITY
Neutron stars
Pulsars
BIG GLITCHER

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10.3847/1538-4357/ac0d52

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Cite this

Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, A., Adams, C., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., ... van den Brand, J. F. J. (2021). Constraints from LIGO O3 Data on Gravitational-wave Emission Due to R-modes in the Glitching Pulsar PSR J0537-6910. Astrophysical Journal, 922(1), Article 71. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac0d52

@article{b476c183c835478da313bbb7f8e330e7,

title = "Constraints from LIGO O3 Data on Gravitational-wave Emission Due to R-modes in the Glitching Pulsar PSR J0537-6910",

abstract = "We present a search for continuous gravitational-wave emission due to r-modes in the pulsar PSR J0537-6910 using data from the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration observing run O3. PSR J0537-6910 is a young energetic X-ray pulsar and is the most frequent glitcher known. The inter-glitch braking index of the pulsar suggests that gravitational-wave emission due to r-mode oscillations may play an important role in the spin evolution of this pulsar. Theoretical models confirm this possibility and predict emission at a level that can be probed by ground-based detectors. In order to explore this scenario, we search for r-mode emission in the epochs between glitches by using a contemporaneous timing ephemeris obtained from NICER data. We do not detect any signals in the theoretically expected band of 86-97 Hz, and report upper limits on the amplitude of the gravitational waves. Our results improve on previous amplitude upper limits from r-modes in J0537-6910 by a factor of up to 3 and place stringent constraints on theoretical models for r-mode-driven spin-down in PSR J0537-6910, especially for higher frequencies at which our results reach below the spin-down limit defined by energy conservation.",

keywords = "Gravitational waves, INSTABILITY, Neutron stars, Pulsars, BIG GLITCHER",

author = "R. Abbott and T.D. Abbott and S. Abraham and F. Acernese and K. Ackley and A. Adams and C. Adams and R.X. Adhikari and V.B. Adya and C. Affeldt and D. Agarwal and M. Agathos and K. Agatsuma and N. Aggarwal and O.D. Aguiar and L. Aiello and A. Ain and P. Ajith and T. Akutsu and K.M. Aleman and G. Allen and A. Allocca and P.A. Altin and A. Amato and S. Anand and A. Ananyeva and S.B. Anderson and W.G. Anderson and M. Ando and S.V. Angelova and S. Ansoldi and J.M. Antelis and S. Antier and S. Appert and K. Arai and Y. Arai and S. Araki and A. Araya and M.C. Araya and J.S. Areeda and M. Arene and N. Aritomi and N. Arnaud and S.M. Aronson and K.G. Arun and H. Asada and Y. Asali and G. Ashton and Y. Aso and S. Hild and S.L. Danilishin and S.S. Steinlechner and J. Steinlechner and A.C. Utina and G. Koekoek and A. Singha and V. Spagnuolo and {van den Brand}, J.F.J.",

year = "2021",

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doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ac0d52",

language = "English",

volume = "922",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

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Abbott, R, Abbott, TD, Abraham, S, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adams, A, Adams, C, Adhikari, RX, Adya, VB, Affeldt, C, Agarwal, D, Agathos, M, Agatsuma, K, Aggarwal, N, Aguiar, OD, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Akutsu, T, Aleman, KM, Allen, G, Allocca, A, Altin, PA, Amato, A, Anand, S, Ananyeva, A, Anderson, SB, Anderson, WG, Ando, M, Angelova, SV, Ansoldi, S, Antelis, JM, Antier, S, Appert, S, Arai, K, Arai, Y, Araki, S, Araya, A, Araya, MC, Areeda, JS, Arene, M, Aritomi, N, Arnaud, N, Aronson, SM, Arun, KG, Asada, H, Asali, Y, Ashton, G, Aso, Y, Hild, S , Danilishin, SL , Steinlechner, SS , Steinlechner, J , Utina, AC , Koekoek, G , Singha, A , Spagnuolo, V & van den Brand, JFJ 2021, 'Constraints from LIGO O3 Data on Gravitational-wave Emission Due to R-modes in the Glitching Pulsar PSR J0537-6910', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 922, no. 1, 71. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac0d52

TY - JOUR

T1 - Constraints from LIGO O3 Data on Gravitational-wave Emission Due to R-modes in the Glitching Pulsar PSR J0537-6910

AU - Abbott, R.

AU - Abbott, T.D.

AU - Abraham, S.

AU - Acernese, F.

AU - Ackley, K.

AU - Adams, A.

AU - Adams, C.

AU - Adhikari, R.X.

AU - Adya, V.B.

AU - Affeldt, C.

AU - Agarwal, D.

AU - Agathos, M.

AU - Agatsuma, K.

AU - Aggarwal, N.

AU - Aguiar, O.D.

AU - Aiello, L.

AU - Ain, A.

AU - Ajith, P.

AU - Akutsu, T.

AU - Aleman, K.M.

AU - Allen, G.

AU - Allocca, A.

AU - Altin, P.A.

AU - Amato, A.

AU - Anand, S.

AU - Ananyeva, A.

AU - Anderson, S.B.

AU - Anderson, W.G.

AU - Ando, M.

AU - Angelova, S.V.

AU - Ansoldi, S.

AU - Antelis, J.M.

AU - Antier, S.

AU - Appert, S.

AU - Arai, K.

AU - Arai, Y.

AU - Araki, S.

AU - Araya, A.

AU - Araya, M.C.

AU - Areeda, J.S.

AU - Arene, M.

AU - Aritomi, N.

AU - Arnaud, N.

AU - Aronson, S.M.

AU - Arun, K.G.

AU - Asada, H.

AU - Asali, Y.

AU - Ashton, G.

AU - Aso, Y.

AU - Hild, S.

AU - Danilishin, S.L.

AU - Steinlechner, S.S.

AU - Steinlechner, J.

AU - Utina, A.C.

AU - Koekoek, G.

AU - Singha, A.

AU - Spagnuolo, V.

AU - van den Brand, J.F.J.

PY - 2021/11/1

Y1 - 2021/11/1

N2 - We present a search for continuous gravitational-wave emission due to r-modes in the pulsar PSR J0537-6910 using data from the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration observing run O3. PSR J0537-6910 is a young energetic X-ray pulsar and is the most frequent glitcher known. The inter-glitch braking index of the pulsar suggests that gravitational-wave emission due to r-mode oscillations may play an important role in the spin evolution of this pulsar. Theoretical models confirm this possibility and predict emission at a level that can be probed by ground-based detectors. In order to explore this scenario, we search for r-mode emission in the epochs between glitches by using a contemporaneous timing ephemeris obtained from NICER data. We do not detect any signals in the theoretically expected band of 86-97 Hz, and report upper limits on the amplitude of the gravitational waves. Our results improve on previous amplitude upper limits from r-modes in J0537-6910 by a factor of up to 3 and place stringent constraints on theoretical models for r-mode-driven spin-down in PSR J0537-6910, especially for higher frequencies at which our results reach below the spin-down limit defined by energy conservation.

AB - We present a search for continuous gravitational-wave emission due to r-modes in the pulsar PSR J0537-6910 using data from the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration observing run O3. PSR J0537-6910 is a young energetic X-ray pulsar and is the most frequent glitcher known. The inter-glitch braking index of the pulsar suggests that gravitational-wave emission due to r-mode oscillations may play an important role in the spin evolution of this pulsar. Theoretical models confirm this possibility and predict emission at a level that can be probed by ground-based detectors. In order to explore this scenario, we search for r-mode emission in the epochs between glitches by using a contemporaneous timing ephemeris obtained from NICER data. We do not detect any signals in the theoretically expected band of 86-97 Hz, and report upper limits on the amplitude of the gravitational waves. Our results improve on previous amplitude upper limits from r-modes in J0537-6910 by a factor of up to 3 and place stringent constraints on theoretical models for r-mode-driven spin-down in PSR J0537-6910, especially for higher frequencies at which our results reach below the spin-down limit defined by energy conservation.

KW - Gravitational waves

KW - INSTABILITY

KW - Neutron stars

KW - Pulsars

KW - BIG GLITCHER

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0d52

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0d52

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 922

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 71

ER -