Comprehensive Evaluation of Pediatric Patients with Ebstein Anomaly Requires Both Echocardiography and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

L.M. Geerdink, W.M. van Everdingen*, I.M. Kuipers, Z. Fejzic, G.J.D. Sarvaas, S. Frerich, H. ter Heide, W.A. Helbing, C.L. de Korte, J. Habets, L. Kapusta

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

With the trend towards childhood surgery in patients with Ebstein anomaly (EA), thorough imaging is crucial for patient selection. This study aimed to assess biventricular function by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and compare EA severity classifications. Twenty-three patients (8-17 years) underwent echocardiography and CMR. Echocardiographic parameters included tricuspid annular plane systolic excursions (TAPSE), fractional area change of the functional right ventricle (fRV-FAC), fRV free wall peak systolic myocardial velocity (fRVs'), and tricuspid regurgitation (TR). End-diastolic and end-systolic volume (EDV resp. ESV), fRV- and LV ejection fraction (EF) and TR were obtained by CMR. EA severity classifications included displacement index, Celermajer index and the total-right/left-volume index. Median fRV-FAC was 38% (IQR 33-42). TAPSE and fRVs' were reduced in 39% and 75% of the patients, respectively. Echocardiographic TR was visually graded as mild, moderate, or severe in nine, six and eight patients, respectively. By CMR, median fRVEF was 49% (IQR 36-58) and TR was graded as mild, moderate, or severe in nine, twelve and two patients, respectively. In 70% of cases, fRV-EDV was higher than LV-EDV. LVEF was decreased in 17 cases (74%). There was excellent correlation between echocardiography-derived fRV-FAC and CMR-derived fRVEF (rho = 0.812, p < 0.001). While echocardiography is a versatile tool in the complex geometry of the Ebstein heart, it has limitations. CMR offers a total overview and has the advantage of reliable volume assessment of both ventricles. Comprehensive evaluation of pediatric patients with EA may therefore require a synergistic implementation of echocardiography and CMR.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)75-85
Number of pages11
JournalPediatric Cardiology
Volume44
Issue number1
Early online date21 Jun 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jan 2023

Keywords

  • Congenital heart disease
  • Ebstein anomaly
  • Pediatric
  • Imaging
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
  • TRICUSPID REGURGITATION
  • SHORT-AXIS
  • TRACKING
  • IMPACT
  • VALVE

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