Community-acquired Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia - New insights from the CAPNETZ study

Christina Forstner*, Gernot Rohde, Jan Rupp, Hartwig Schuette, Sebastian R. Ott, Stefan Hagel, Nicole Harrison, Florian Thalhammer, Heike von Baum, Norbert Suttorp, Tobias Welte, Mathias W. Pletz

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to identify clinical characteristics and to assess effectiveness of different initial antibiotic regimens in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Haemophilus influenzae. Methods: Characteristics were compared between patients with H. influenzae monoinfection versus CAP of other and unknown aetiology enrolled by the German prospective cohort study CAPNETZ. Impact of initial antibiotic treatment on "early clinical response" according to FDA criteria and overall clinical cure were analysed. Results: H. influenzae was found in 176 out of 2790 patients with pathogen detection (6.3%). Characteristics significantly associated with a H. influenzae CAP (p <0.017) included purulent sputum, prior pneumococcal vaccination and respiratory co-morbidities. Early clinical response rates on day 4 did not differ between patients receiving any mono-versus combination therapy (85.9% versus 88%), but were numerically higher for regimens including any fluoroquinolone (96.7%) and lower under macrolide monotherapy (70%). Initial CURB-65 score and chronic liver disease were identified as negative predictors for "early clinical response". At day 14, overall clinical cure was 91.9%. Conclusions: H. influenzae was a common CAP pathogen, particularly in patients with previous pneumococcal vaccination and respiratory co-morbidities. Severity of illness and chronic liver disease were associated with a lower rate of "early clinical response".
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)554-563
JournalJournal of Infection
Volume72
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - May 2016

Keywords

  • Respiratory tract infection
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Macrolides
  • Beta-lactams
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • CURB-65 score

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