Combining HPAEC-PAD, PGC-LC–MS, and 1D 1H NMR to Investigate Metabolic Fates of Human Milk Oligosaccharides in 1-Month-Old Infants: a Pilot Study

F.J. Gu, G.A. Ten Kate, I.C.W. Arts, J. Penders, C. Thijs, C. Lindner, A. Nauta, E. van Leusen, S.S. van Leeuwen, H.A. Schols*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

A solid-phase extraction procedure was optimized to extract 3-fucosyllactose and other human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) from human milk samples separately, followed by absolute quantitation using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography-pulsed amperometric detection and porous graphitized carbon-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. The approach developed was applied on a pilot sample set of 20 human milk samples and paired infant feces collected at around 1 month postpartum. One-dimensional H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was employed on the same samples to determine the relative levels of fucosylated epitopes and sialylated (Neu5Ac) structural elements. Based on different HMO consumption patterns in the gastrointestinal tract, the infants were assigned to three clusters as follows: complete consumption; specific consumption of non-fucosylated HMOs; and, considerable levels of HMOs still present with consumption showing no specific preference. The consumption of HMOs by infant microbiota also showed structure specificity, with HMO core structures and Neu5Ac(alpha 2-3)-decorated HMOs being most prone to degradation. The degree and position of fucosylation impacted HMO metabolization differently.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)6495-6509
Number of pages15
JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Volume69
Issue number23
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 16 Jun 2021

Keywords

  • metabolization
  • infant nutrition
  • milk groups
  • consumption pattern
  • breastfeeding
  • 3FL
  • BREAST-FED INFANTS
  • NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS
  • LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY
  • ABSOLUTE QUANTITATION
  • GESTATIONAL-AGE
  • GUT MICROBIOTA
  • FECES
  • 2'-FUCOSYLLACTOSE
  • QUANTIFICATION
  • GLYCOMICS

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