Coagulation factor XI and cardiovascular disease: A complex, cardio-specific conundrum

Vincent ten Cate; Harsini Raaja Sulochana; Hugo ten Cate; Magdolna Nagy

doi:10.1016/j.medj.2025.100995

Coagulation factor XI and cardiovascular disease: A complex, cardio-specific conundrum

Vincent ten Cate^*
, Harsini Raaja Sulochana
, Hugo ten Cate^*
, Magdolna Nagy

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Editorial › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Coagulation factor XI (FXI) is an emerging target for venous and arterial thrombosis. While arterial prevention studies yield conflicting results, FXI(a) inhibition may be most effective as add-on therapy. Potential off-target cardiovascular effects, including blood pressure lowering and altered cardiac function, remain inconsistent. Ongoing trials should therefore assess both intended antithrombotic efficacy and unintended cardiovascular consequences.

Original language	English
Article number	100995
Number of pages	3
Journal	Med
Volume	7
Issue number	2
Early online date	1 Feb 2026
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2025.100995
Publication status	Published - 13 Feb 2026

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title = "Coagulation factor XI and cardiovascular disease: A complex, cardio-specific conundrum",

abstract = "Coagulation factor XI (FXI) is an emerging target for venous and arterial thrombosis. While arterial prevention studies yield conflicting results, FXI(a) inhibition may be most effective as add-on therapy. Potential off-target cardiovascular effects, including blood pressure lowering and altered cardiac function, remain inconsistent. Ongoing trials should therefore assess both intended antithrombotic efficacy and unintended cardiovascular consequences.",

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AU - ten Cate, Hugo

AU - Nagy, Magdolna

PY - 2026/2/13

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N2 - Coagulation factor XI (FXI) is an emerging target for venous and arterial thrombosis. While arterial prevention studies yield conflicting results, FXI(a) inhibition may be most effective as add-on therapy. Potential off-target cardiovascular effects, including blood pressure lowering and altered cardiac function, remain inconsistent. Ongoing trials should therefore assess both intended antithrombotic efficacy and unintended cardiovascular consequences.

AB - Coagulation factor XI (FXI) is an emerging target for venous and arterial thrombosis. While arterial prevention studies yield conflicting results, FXI(a) inhibition may be most effective as add-on therapy. Potential off-target cardiovascular effects, including blood pressure lowering and altered cardiac function, remain inconsistent. Ongoing trials should therefore assess both intended antithrombotic efficacy and unintended cardiovascular consequences.

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DO - 10.1016/j.medj.2025.100995

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Coagulation factor XI and cardiovascular disease: A complex, cardio-specific conundrum

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