TY - JOUR
T1 - Co-morbid manifestations in COPD.
AU - Wouters, E.F.M.
AU - Celis, C.P.M.
AU - Breyer, M.K.
AU - Rutten, E.P.A.
AU - Graat-Verboom, L.
AU - Spruit, M.A.
PY - 2007/1/1
Y1 - 2007/1/1
N2 - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a major burden of morbidity worldwide. Copd is now considered as a multi-component disease and attention has focused on the role of co-morbidities as part of the natural history of the disease process. Smoking itself, the most important risk factor for copd, has been linked to a broad range of pathologies. The review will provide a summary concerning cardiovascular morbidity, cancer, changes in body composition, osteoporosis, and endocrinological disturbances in copd.
AB - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a major burden of morbidity worldwide. Copd is now considered as a multi-component disease and attention has focused on the role of co-morbidities as part of the natural history of the disease process. Smoking itself, the most important risk factor for copd, has been linked to a broad range of pathologies. The review will provide a summary concerning cardiovascular morbidity, cancer, changes in body composition, osteoporosis, and endocrinological disturbances in copd.
U2 - 10.1016/j.rmedu.2007.08.003
DO - 10.1016/j.rmedu.2007.08.003
M3 - Article
SN - 1745-0454
VL - 3
SP - 135
EP - 151
JO - Respiratory Medicine COPD Update
JF - Respiratory Medicine COPD Update
ER -