Choroidal Microvascular Dropout in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma

Harsha L. Rao*, Shruthi Sreenivasaiah, Mohammed Riyazuddin, Srilakshmi Dasari, Shivani Dixit, Jayasree P. Venugopal, Zia S. Pradhan, Narendra K. Puttaiah, Sathi Devi, Robert N. Weinreb, Kaweh Mansouri, Carroll A. B. Webers

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with the presence of choroidal microvascular dropout (CMvD) in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes compared to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.

METHODS: Thirty-six POAG eyes (36 patients) and 28 PACG eyes (28 patients) underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Presence of CMvD was evaluated on choroidal OCTA slabs. Visual field (VF) defects in the glaucoma eyes were classified into initial nasal defect (IND), initial parafoveal scotoma (IPFS), and combined nasal and parafoveal defect, and the association between type of VF defect and CMvD was evaluated.

RESULTS: CMvD was detected in 21 POAG (58.3%) and 10 PACG (35.7%) eyes (P = .07). CMvD in POAG eyes was associated with pretreatment intraocular pressure (odds ratio [OR] = 0.91/mm Hg higher intraocular pressure, P = .06), VF mean deviation (MD, OR = 0.75/dB higher MD, P = .007), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (OR = 0.92/mu m increase in thickness, P = .02), and peripapillary vessel density (OR = 0.80/ unit increase in density, P = .01). CMvD in PACG eyes was associated only with VF MD (OR = 0.90/dB higher MD, P = .05). When analyzed in the entire cohort of glaucoma patients (64 eyes), CMvD was significantly associated with POAG (OR > 3.5, P <.05) after accounting for glaucoma severity. CMvD was seen in 6 of 7 eyes with IPFS and 1 of 13 with IND in the POAG group (P <.05) and 1 of 2 eyes with IPFS and 0 of 10 with IND in the PACG group (P <.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of CMvD was significantly lower in PACG compared to POAG. As in POAG, CMvD in PACG was associated with advanced VF damage and with IPFS on VF. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)184-192
Number of pages9
JournalAmerican Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume199
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Mar 2019

Keywords

  • OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
  • ANGIOGRAPHY VESSEL DENSITY
  • PERIPAPILLARY RETINA
  • DISC PERFUSION
  • SEVERITY
  • DEFECTS
  • DAMAGE

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