TY - JOUR
T1 - Carotid Artery Stiffness and Incident Depressive Symptoms
T2 - The Paris Prospective Study III
AU - van Sloten, Thomas T.
AU - Boutouyrie, Pierre
AU - Tafflet, Muriel
AU - Offredo, Lucile
AU - Thomas, Frederique
AU - Guibout, Catherine
AU - Climie, Rachel E.
AU - Lemogne, Cedric
AU - Pannier, Bruno
AU - Laurent, Stephane
AU - Jouven, Xavier
AU - Empana, Jean-Philippe
N1 - Funding Information:
PPS3 was supported by grants from the National Research Agency , the Research Foundation for Hypertension , the Research Institute in Public Health , and Région Île-de-France (Domaine d’Intérêt Majeur). This work was supported by a Prestige and Marie Curie Fellowship (to REC), a Lefoulon Delalande Fellowship (to REC), a High Blood Pressure Research Council of Australia Franco-Australian exchange grant (to REC), L’Institut Servier travel grants (to REC and TTvS), and a National Research Agency grant (to TTvS).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Society of Biological Psychiatry
PY - 2019/3/15
Y1 - 2019/3/15
N2 - BACKGROUND: Arterial stiffness may contribute to late-life depression via cerebral microvascular damage, but evidence is scarce. No longitudinal study has evaluated the association between arterial stiffness and risk of depressive symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the association between carotid artery stiffness and incident depressive symptoms in a large community-based cohort study.METHODS: This longitudinal study included 7013 participants (mean age 59.7 +/- 6.3 years; 35.8% women) free of depressive symptoms at baseline. Carotid artery stiffness (high-resolution echo tracking) was determined at baseline. Presence of depressive symptoms was determined at baseline and at 4 and 6 years of follow-up, and was defined as a score >= 7 on the validated Questionnaire of Depression, Second Version, Abridged and/or new use of antidepressant medication. Logistic regression and generalized estimating equations were used.RESULTS: In total, 6.9% (n = 484) of the participants had incident depressive symptoms. Individuals in the lowest tertile of carotid distensibility coefficient (indicating greater carotid artery stiffness) compared with those in the highest tertile had a higher risk of incident depressive symptoms (odds ratio: 1.43; 95% confidence interval: 1.10-1.87), after adjustment for age, sex, living alone, education, lifestyle, cardiovascular risk factors, and baseline Questionnaire of Depression, Second Version, Abridged scores. Results were qualitatively similar when we used carotid Young's elastic modulus as a measure of carotid stiffness instead of carotid distensibility coefficient, and when we used generalized estimating equations instead of logistic regression.CONCLUSIONS: Greater carotid stiffness is associated with a higher incidence of depressive symptoms. This supports the hypothesis that carotid stiffness may contribute to the development of late-life depression.
AB - BACKGROUND: Arterial stiffness may contribute to late-life depression via cerebral microvascular damage, but evidence is scarce. No longitudinal study has evaluated the association between arterial stiffness and risk of depressive symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the association between carotid artery stiffness and incident depressive symptoms in a large community-based cohort study.METHODS: This longitudinal study included 7013 participants (mean age 59.7 +/- 6.3 years; 35.8% women) free of depressive symptoms at baseline. Carotid artery stiffness (high-resolution echo tracking) was determined at baseline. Presence of depressive symptoms was determined at baseline and at 4 and 6 years of follow-up, and was defined as a score >= 7 on the validated Questionnaire of Depression, Second Version, Abridged and/or new use of antidepressant medication. Logistic regression and generalized estimating equations were used.RESULTS: In total, 6.9% (n = 484) of the participants had incident depressive symptoms. Individuals in the lowest tertile of carotid distensibility coefficient (indicating greater carotid artery stiffness) compared with those in the highest tertile had a higher risk of incident depressive symptoms (odds ratio: 1.43; 95% confidence interval: 1.10-1.87), after adjustment for age, sex, living alone, education, lifestyle, cardiovascular risk factors, and baseline Questionnaire of Depression, Second Version, Abridged scores. Results were qualitatively similar when we used carotid Young's elastic modulus as a measure of carotid stiffness instead of carotid distensibility coefficient, and when we used generalized estimating equations instead of logistic regression.CONCLUSIONS: Greater carotid stiffness is associated with a higher incidence of depressive symptoms. This supports the hypothesis that carotid stiffness may contribute to the development of late-life depression.
KW - Aging
KW - Arterial stiffness
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Late-life depression
KW - Longitudinal studies
KW - Vascular depression
KW - SMALL VESSEL DISEASE
KW - LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION
KW - PULSE-WAVE VELOCITY
KW - VASCULAR DEPRESSION
KW - BIPOLAR DISORDER
KW - MAJOR DEPRESSION
KW - OLDER-ADULTS
KW - RISK
KW - POPULATION
KW - HEALTH
U2 - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.09.018
DO - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.09.018
M3 - Article
C2 - 30409381
SN - 0006-3223
VL - 85
SP - 498
EP - 505
JO - Biological Psychiatry
JF - Biological Psychiatry
IS - 6
ER -