Can consumer wearable activity tracker-based interventions improve physical activity and cardiometabolic health in patients with chronic diseases? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Wouter M. A. Franssen*, Gregor H. L. M. Franssen, Jan Spaas, Francesca Solmi, Bert O. Eijnde

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal(Systematic) Review article peer-review

Abstract

Background To date, it is unclear if consumer wearable activity trackers (CWATs), with or without behaviour multi-component strategies, effectively improve adherence to physical activity and health outcomes under free living conditions in populations with chronic diseases. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the efficacy of CWAT-based interventions to promote physical activity levels and cardiometabolic health in populations with chronic diseases. Methods Randomised controlled trials were collected from five bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CINAHL). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they evaluated a CWAT-based counselling intervention versus control intervention among patients with chronic respiratory diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, overweight/obesity, cognitive disorders, or sedentary older adults. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Results After deduplication 8147 were identified of which 35 studies met inclusion criteria (chronic respiratory diseases: 7, type 2 diabetes mellitus: 12, cardiovascular diseases: 6, overweight/obesity: 3, cognitive disorders: 1, sedentary older adults: 6). Compared to control groups, CWAT-based interventions significantly increased physical activity by 2123 steps per day (95% confidence interval [CI], [1605-2641]; p <0.001). In addition, CWAT-based interventions in these populations significantly decreased systolic blood pressure (- 3.79 mm Hg; 95% CI: [- 4.53, - 3.04] mm Hg; p <0.001), waist circumference (- 0.99 cm; 95% CI: [- 1.48, - 0.50] cm; p <0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (- 5.70 mg/dl; 95% CI: [- 9.24, - 2.15] mg/dl; p = 0.002). Conclusion CWAT-based interventions increase physical activity and have beneficial effects on important health-related outcomes such as systolic blood pressure, waist circumference and LDL cholesterol concentration in patients with chronic diseases.

Original languageEnglish
Article number57
Number of pages20
JournalInternational Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
Volume17
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 11 May 2020

Keywords

  • Activity tracker
  • Physical activity
  • Cardiometabolic health
  • Chronic disease
  • CARDIAC REHABILITATION PROGRAM
  • OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE
  • PEDOMETER-BASED INTERVENTION
  • ACTIVITY COUNSELING PROGRAM
  • IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE
  • RESTING BLOOD-PRESSURE
  • CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
  • AMBULATORY ACTIVITY
  • SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR
  • EXERCISE CAPACITY

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