Biological and Clinical Markers to Differentiate the Type of Anxiety Disorders

F. Cosci; G. Mansueto

doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_13

Biological and Clinical Markers to Differentiate the Type of Anxiety Disorders

F. Cosci^*, G. Mansueto

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › Academic

Abstract

The present chapter is an overview of possible biomarkers which distinguish anxiety disorders as classified by the DSM-5. Structural or activity changes in the brain regions; changes in N-acetylaspartate/creatine, dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin; hearth rate variability; hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity; error-related negativity; respiratory regulation; and genetic variants are proposed. However, their clinical utility is questionable due to low specificity and sensitivity: the majority does not distinguish subjects with different anxiety disorders, and they might be influenced by stress, comorbidity, physical activity, and psychotropic medications. In this framework, the staging model, a clinimetric tool which allows to define the degree of progression of a disease at a point in time and where the patient is located on the continuum of the course of the disease, is proposed since several DSM anxiety disorders take place at different stages of the same syndrome according to the staging model. Thus, a stage-specific biomarker model for anxiety disorders is hypothesized and illustrated.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Anxiety Disorders: Rethinking And Understanding Recent Discoveries
Subtitle of host publication	Rethinking and Understanding Recent Discoveries
Editors	Yong-Ku Kim
Publisher	Springer Singapore
Pages	197-218
Number of pages	22
Volume	1191
Edition	1
ISBN (Electronic)	978-981-32-9705-0
ISBN (Print)	978-981-32-9704-3, 978-981-32-9707-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_13
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2020

Publication series

Series	Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
ISSN	0065-2598

Keywords

ALLOSTATIC LOAD
BASE-LINE
GENE POLYMORPHISMS
HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY
MEAN PLATELET VOLUME
PANIC DISORDER
PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS
SALIVARY CORTISOL
SOCIAL ANXIETY
STRESS REACTIVITY
allostatic load
base-line
gene polymorphisms
heart-rate-variability
mean platelet volume
panic disorder
pituitary-adrenal axis
salivary cortisol
social anxiety
stress reactivity
HPA-AXIS

Access to Document

10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_13

Cite this

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title = "Biological and Clinical Markers to Differentiate the Type of Anxiety Disorders",

abstract = "The present chapter is an overview of possible biomarkers which distinguish anxiety disorders as classified by the DSM-5. Structural or activity changes in the brain regions; changes in N-acetylaspartate/creatine, dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin; hearth rate variability; hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity; error-related negativity; respiratory regulation; and genetic variants are proposed. However, their clinical utility is questionable due to low specificity and sensitivity: the majority does not distinguish subjects with different anxiety disorders, and they might be influenced by stress, comorbidity, physical activity, and psychotropic medications. In this framework, the staging model, a clinimetric tool which allows to define the degree of progression of a disease at a point in time and where the patient is located on the continuum of the course of the disease, is proposed since several DSM anxiety disorders take place at different stages of the same syndrome according to the staging model. Thus, a stage-specific biomarker model for anxiety disorders is hypothesized and illustrated.",

keywords = "ALLOSTATIC LOAD, BASE-LINE, GENE POLYMORPHISMS, HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY, MEAN PLATELET VOLUME, PANIC DISORDER, PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS, SALIVARY CORTISOL, SOCIAL ANXIETY, STRESS REACTIVITY, allostatic load, base-line, gene polymorphisms, heart-rate-variability, mean platelet volume, panic disorder, pituitary-adrenal axis, salivary cortisol, social anxiety, stress reactivity, HPA-AXIS",

author = "F. Cosci and G. Mansueto",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.",

year = "2020",

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Cosci, F & Mansueto, G 2020, Biological and Clinical Markers to Differentiate the Type of Anxiety Disorders. in Y-K Kim (ed.), Anxiety Disorders: Rethinking And Understanding Recent Discoveries: Rethinking and Understanding Recent Discoveries. 1 edn, vol. 1191, Springer Singapore, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, pp. 197-218. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_13

Biological and Clinical Markers to Differentiate the Type of Anxiety Disorders. / Cosci, F.; Mansueto, G.
Anxiety Disorders: Rethinking And Understanding Recent Discoveries: Rethinking and Understanding Recent Discoveries. ed. / Yong-Ku Kim. Vol. 1191 1. ed. Springer Singapore, 2020. p. 197-218 (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › Academic

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AU - Mansueto, G.

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N2 - The present chapter is an overview of possible biomarkers which distinguish anxiety disorders as classified by the DSM-5. Structural or activity changes in the brain regions; changes in N-acetylaspartate/creatine, dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin; hearth rate variability; hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity; error-related negativity; respiratory regulation; and genetic variants are proposed. However, their clinical utility is questionable due to low specificity and sensitivity: the majority does not distinguish subjects with different anxiety disorders, and they might be influenced by stress, comorbidity, physical activity, and psychotropic medications. In this framework, the staging model, a clinimetric tool which allows to define the degree of progression of a disease at a point in time and where the patient is located on the continuum of the course of the disease, is proposed since several DSM anxiety disorders take place at different stages of the same syndrome according to the staging model. Thus, a stage-specific biomarker model for anxiety disorders is hypothesized and illustrated.

AB - The present chapter is an overview of possible biomarkers which distinguish anxiety disorders as classified by the DSM-5. Structural or activity changes in the brain regions; changes in N-acetylaspartate/creatine, dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin; hearth rate variability; hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity; error-related negativity; respiratory regulation; and genetic variants are proposed. However, their clinical utility is questionable due to low specificity and sensitivity: the majority does not distinguish subjects with different anxiety disorders, and they might be influenced by stress, comorbidity, physical activity, and psychotropic medications. In this framework, the staging model, a clinimetric tool which allows to define the degree of progression of a disease at a point in time and where the patient is located on the continuum of the course of the disease, is proposed since several DSM anxiety disorders take place at different stages of the same syndrome according to the staging model. Thus, a stage-specific biomarker model for anxiety disorders is hypothesized and illustrated.

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KW - stress reactivity

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SN - 978-981-32-9707-4

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BT - Anxiety Disorders: Rethinking And Understanding Recent Discoveries

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Cosci F, Mansueto G. Biological and Clinical Markers to Differentiate the Type of Anxiety Disorders. In Kim YK, editor, Anxiety Disorders: Rethinking And Understanding Recent Discoveries: Rethinking and Understanding Recent Discoveries. 1 ed. Vol. 1191. Springer Singapore. 2020. p. 197-218. (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology). doi: 10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_13