@inbook{1fe71ddd2fc54b9f8fd9b4c56dd9dde0,
title = "Bioartificial Sponges for Auricular Cartilage Engineering",
abstract = "Auricle reconstruction due to congenital, post-infective or post-traumatic defects represents a challenging procedure in the field of aesthetic and reconstructive surgery due to the highly complex three-dimensional anatomy of the outer ear. Tissue engineering aims to provide alternatives to overcome the shortcomings of standard surgical reconstructive procedure. In the present study, poly(vinyl alcohol)/gelatin (PVA/G) sponges at different weight ratios were produced via emulsion and freeze-drying, and crosslinked by exposure to glutaraldehyde vapors. PVA/G sponges gave rise to highly porous, water stable and hydrophilic scaffolds. Characterization of PVA/G sponges showed round-shaped interconnected pores, high swelling capacity (>200%) and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. The PVA/G 70/30 (w/w) scaffold was selected for in vitro biological studies. Bone marrow derived human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) were used and differentiated towards chondrogenic lineage under different culture conditions: 1) commercial versus handmade differentiation medium; 2) undifferentiated versus pre-differentiated hMSC seeding; and 3) static versus dynamic culture [i.e. ultrasound (US) or bioreactor stimulation]. Histological results highlighted intense glycosaminoglycan, glycoprotein and collagen syntheses after three weeks, mostly using the commercial medium, whereas round morphology was observed in pre-differentiated cells. In static culture, immunohistochemistry for chondrogenic markers revealed an early differentiation stage, characterized by the expression of Sox-9 and collagen type I fibers. The application of US on cell/scaffold constructs increased extracellular matrix deposition and resulted in 30% higher collagen type II expression at the gene level. Bioreactor culture induced collagen type II, aggrecan and elastin formation. This study demonstrated that 70/30 PVA/G sponge is a suitable candidate for auricle reconstruction.",
author = "Marta Feula and Mario Milazzo and Giulia Giannone and Bahareh Azimi and Luisa Trombi and Ludovica Cacopardo and Stefania Moscato and Andrea Lazzeri and Arti Ahluwalia and S. Berrettini and {Domingues Mota}, Carlos and Serena Danti",
note = "Funding Information: AURICULAE Project, funded by Stem Cells & Life Foundation, Padova, Italy is greatly acknowledged. Dr. Delfo D?Alessandro (University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy), as well as Dr. Alessandra Fusco and Dr. Giovanna Donnarumma (University of Campania ?Luigi Van-vitelli?, Naples, Italy) are thanked for their fundamental technical support to this work. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.",
year = "2020",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-47705-9_17",
language = "English",
series = "Lecture Notes in Bioengineering",
publisher = "Springer Nature",
pages = "191--209",
editor = "Stefano Piotto and Simona Concilio and Lucia Sessa and Frederico Rossi",
booktitle = "Advances in Bionanomaterials II",
address = "Switzerland",
}