Appraisal of Triglyceride-Related Markers as Early Predictors of Metabolic Outcomes in the PREVIEW Lifestyle Intervention: A Controlled Post-hoc Trial

S. Navas-Carretero; R. San-Cristobal; P.S. Vestentoft; J.C. Brand-Miller; E. Jalo; M. Westerterp-Plantenga; E.J. Simpson; T. Handjieva-Darlenska; G. Stratton; M. Huttunen-Lenz; T. Lam; R. Muirhead; S. Poppitt; K.H. Pietilainen; T. Adam; M.A. Taylor; S. Handjiev; M.A. McNarry; S. Hansen; S. Brodie; M.P. Silvestre; I.A. Macdonald; N. Boyadjieva; K.A. Mackintosh; W. Schlicht; A. Liu; T.M. Larsen; M. Fogelholm; A. Raben; J.A. Martinez

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.733697

Appraisal of Triglyceride-Related Markers as Early Predictors of Metabolic Outcomes in the PREVIEW Lifestyle Intervention: A Controlled Post-hoc Trial

S. Navas-Carretero^*, R. San-Cristobal^*, P.S. Vestentoft, J.C. Brand-Miller, E. Jalo, M. Westerterp-Plantenga, E.J. Simpson, T. Handjieva-Darlenska, G. Stratton, M. Huttunen-Lenz, T. Lam, R. Muirhead, S. Poppitt, K.H. Pietilainen, T. Adam, M.A. Taylor, S. Handjiev, M.A. McNarry, S. Hansen, S. BrodieM.P. Silvestre, I.A. Macdonald, N. Boyadjieva, K.A. Mackintosh, W. Schlicht, A. Liu, T.M. Larsen, M. Fogelholm, A. Raben, J.A. Martinez

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Background: Individuals with pre-diabetes are commonly overweight and benefit from dietary and physical activity strategies aimed at decreasing body weight and hyperglycemia. Early insulin resistance can be estimated via the triglyceride glucose index {TyG = Ln [TG (mg/dl) x fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mg/dl)/2]} and the hypertriglyceridemic-high waist phenotype (TyG-waist), based on TyG x waist circumference (WC) measurements. Both indices may be useful for implementing personalized metabolic management. In this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), we aimed to determine whether the differences in baseline TyG values and TyG-waist phenotype predicted individual responses to type-2 diabetes (T2D) prevention programs.<br>Methods: The present post-hoc analyses were conducted within the Prevention of Diabetes through Lifestyle intervention and population studies in Europe and around the world (PREVIEW) study completers (n = 899), a multi-center RCT conducted in eight countries (NCT01777893). The study aimed to reduce the incidence of T2D in a population with pre-diabetes during a 3-year randomized intervention with two sequential phases. The first phase was a 2-month weight loss intervention to achieve & GE;8% weight loss. The second phase was a 34-month weight loss maintenance intervention with two diets providing different amounts of protein and different glycemic indices, and two physical activity programs with different exercise intensities in a 2 x 2 factorial design. On investigation days, we assessed anthropometrics, glucose/lipid metabolism markers, and diet and exercise questionnaires under standardized procedures.<br>Results: Diabetes-related markers improved during all four lifestyle interventions. Higher baseline TyG index (p < 0.001) was associated with greater reductions in body weight, fasting glucose, and triglyceride (TG), while a high TyG-waist phenotype predicted better TG responses, particularly in those randomized to physical activity (PA) of moderate intensity.<br>Conclusions: Two novel indices of insulin resistance (TyG and TyG-waist) may allow for a more personalized approach to avoiding progression to T2D.<br>

Original language	English
Article number	733697
Number of pages	12
Journal	Frontiers in nutrition
Volume	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.733697
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2021

Keywords

obesity
pre-diabetes
triglycerides (PubChem CID
5460048)
hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype
precision nutrition
diabetes
carbohydrate metabolism
lipid markers
FASTING PLASMA-GLUCOSE
WEIGHT-LOSS
PERSONALIZED NUTRITION
RISK-FACTORS
TYG INDEX
EXERCISE
DIET
ASSOCIATION
POPULATION
PREVENTION

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Navas-Carretero, S., San-Cristobal, R., Vestentoft, P. S., Brand-Miller, J. C., Jalo, E., Westerterp-Plantenga, M., Simpson, E. J., Handjieva-Darlenska, T., Stratton, G., Huttunen-Lenz, M., Lam, T., Muirhead, R., Poppitt, S., Pietilainen, K. H., Adam, T., Taylor, M. A., Handjiev, S., McNarry, M. A., Hansen, S., ... Martinez, J. A. (2021). Appraisal of Triglyceride-Related Markers as Early Predictors of Metabolic Outcomes in the PREVIEW Lifestyle Intervention: A Controlled Post-hoc Trial. Frontiers in nutrition, 8, Article 733697. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.733697

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title = "Appraisal of Triglyceride-Related Markers as Early Predictors of Metabolic Outcomes in the PREVIEW Lifestyle Intervention: A Controlled Post-hoc Trial",

abstract = "Background: Individuals with pre-diabetes are commonly overweight and benefit from dietary and physical activity strategies aimed at decreasing body weight and hyperglycemia. Early insulin resistance can be estimated via the triglyceride glucose index {TyG = Ln [TG (mg/dl) x fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mg/dl)/2]} and the hypertriglyceridemic-high waist phenotype (TyG-waist), based on TyG x waist circumference (WC) measurements. Both indices may be useful for implementing personalized metabolic management. In this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), we aimed to determine whether the differences in baseline TyG values and TyG-waist phenotype predicted individual responses to type-2 diabetes (T2D) prevention programs.Methods: The present post-hoc analyses were conducted within the Prevention of Diabetes through Lifestyle intervention and population studies in Europe and around the world (PREVIEW) study completers (n = 899), a multi-center RCT conducted in eight countries (NCT01777893). The study aimed to reduce the incidence of T2D in a population with pre-diabetes during a 3-year randomized intervention with two sequential phases. The first phase was a 2-month weight loss intervention to achieve & GE;8% weight loss. The second phase was a 34-month weight loss maintenance intervention with two diets providing different amounts of protein and different glycemic indices, and two physical activity programs with different exercise intensities in a 2 x 2 factorial design. On investigation days, we assessed anthropometrics, glucose/lipid metabolism markers, and diet and exercise questionnaires under standardized procedures.Results: Diabetes-related markers improved during all four lifestyle interventions. Higher baseline TyG index (p < 0.001) was associated with greater reductions in body weight, fasting glucose, and triglyceride (TG), while a high TyG-waist phenotype predicted better TG responses, particularly in those randomized to physical activity (PA) of moderate intensity.Conclusions: Two novel indices of insulin resistance (TyG and TyG-waist) may allow for a more personalized approach to avoiding progression to T2D.",

keywords = "obesity, pre-diabetes, triglycerides (PubChem CID, 5460048), hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype, precision nutrition, diabetes, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid markers, FASTING PLASMA-GLUCOSE, WEIGHT-LOSS, PERSONALIZED NUTRITION, RISK-FACTORS, TYG INDEX, EXERCISE, DIET, ASSOCIATION, POPULATION, PREVENTION",

author = "S. Navas-Carretero and R. San-Cristobal and P.S. Vestentoft and J.C. Brand-Miller and E. Jalo and M. Westerterp-Plantenga and E.J. Simpson and T. Handjieva-Darlenska and G. Stratton and M. Huttunen-Lenz and T. Lam and R. Muirhead and S. Poppitt and K.H. Pietilainen and T. Adam and M.A. Taylor and S. Handjiev and M.A. McNarry and S. Hansen and S. Brodie and M.P. Silvestre and I.A. Macdonald and N. Boyadjieva and K.A. Mackintosh and W. Schlicht and A. Liu and T.M. Larsen and M. Fogelholm and A. Raben and J.A. Martinez",

year = "2021",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3389/fnut.2021.733697",

language = "English",

volume = "8",

journal = "Frontiers in nutrition",

issn = "2296-861X",

publisher = "Frontiers Media S.A.",

}

Navas-Carretero, S, San-Cristobal, R, Vestentoft, PS, Brand-Miller, JC, Jalo, E, Westerterp-Plantenga, M, Simpson, EJ, Handjieva-Darlenska, T, Stratton, G, Huttunen-Lenz, M, Lam, T, Muirhead, R, Poppitt, S, Pietilainen, KH, Adam, T, Taylor, MA, Handjiev, S, McNarry, MA, Hansen, S, Brodie, S, Silvestre, MP, Macdonald, IA, Boyadjieva, N, Mackintosh, KA, Schlicht, W, Liu, A, Larsen, TM, Fogelholm, M, Raben, A & Martinez, JA 2021, 'Appraisal of Triglyceride-Related Markers as Early Predictors of Metabolic Outcomes in the PREVIEW Lifestyle Intervention: A Controlled Post-hoc Trial', Frontiers in nutrition, vol. 8, 733697. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.733697

TY - JOUR

T1 - Appraisal of Triglyceride-Related Markers as Early Predictors of Metabolic Outcomes in the PREVIEW Lifestyle Intervention: A Controlled Post-hoc Trial

AU - Navas-Carretero, S.

AU - San-Cristobal, R.

AU - Vestentoft, P.S.

AU - Brand-Miller, J.C.

AU - Jalo, E.

AU - Westerterp-Plantenga, M.

AU - Simpson, E.J.

AU - Handjieva-Darlenska, T.

AU - Stratton, G.

AU - Huttunen-Lenz, M.

AU - Lam, T.

AU - Muirhead, R.

AU - Poppitt, S.

AU - Pietilainen, K.H.

AU - Adam, T.

AU - Taylor, M.A.

AU - Handjiev, S.

AU - McNarry, M.A.

AU - Hansen, S.

AU - Brodie, S.

AU - Silvestre, M.P.

AU - Macdonald, I.A.

AU - Boyadjieva, N.

AU - Mackintosh, K.A.

AU - Schlicht, W.

AU - Liu, A.

AU - Larsen, T.M.

AU - Fogelholm, M.

AU - Raben, A.

AU - Martinez, J.A.

PY - 2021/11/1

Y1 - 2021/11/1

N2 - Background: Individuals with pre-diabetes are commonly overweight and benefit from dietary and physical activity strategies aimed at decreasing body weight and hyperglycemia. Early insulin resistance can be estimated via the triglyceride glucose index {TyG = Ln [TG (mg/dl) x fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mg/dl)/2]} and the hypertriglyceridemic-high waist phenotype (TyG-waist), based on TyG x waist circumference (WC) measurements. Both indices may be useful for implementing personalized metabolic management. In this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), we aimed to determine whether the differences in baseline TyG values and TyG-waist phenotype predicted individual responses to type-2 diabetes (T2D) prevention programs.Methods: The present post-hoc analyses were conducted within the Prevention of Diabetes through Lifestyle intervention and population studies in Europe and around the world (PREVIEW) study completers (n = 899), a multi-center RCT conducted in eight countries (NCT01777893). The study aimed to reduce the incidence of T2D in a population with pre-diabetes during a 3-year randomized intervention with two sequential phases. The first phase was a 2-month weight loss intervention to achieve & GE;8% weight loss. The second phase was a 34-month weight loss maintenance intervention with two diets providing different amounts of protein and different glycemic indices, and two physical activity programs with different exercise intensities in a 2 x 2 factorial design. On investigation days, we assessed anthropometrics, glucose/lipid metabolism markers, and diet and exercise questionnaires under standardized procedures.Results: Diabetes-related markers improved during all four lifestyle interventions. Higher baseline TyG index (p < 0.001) was associated with greater reductions in body weight, fasting glucose, and triglyceride (TG), while a high TyG-waist phenotype predicted better TG responses, particularly in those randomized to physical activity (PA) of moderate intensity.Conclusions: Two novel indices of insulin resistance (TyG and TyG-waist) may allow for a more personalized approach to avoiding progression to T2D.

AB - Background: Individuals with pre-diabetes are commonly overweight and benefit from dietary and physical activity strategies aimed at decreasing body weight and hyperglycemia. Early insulin resistance can be estimated via the triglyceride glucose index {TyG = Ln [TG (mg/dl) x fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mg/dl)/2]} and the hypertriglyceridemic-high waist phenotype (TyG-waist), based on TyG x waist circumference (WC) measurements. Both indices may be useful for implementing personalized metabolic management. In this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), we aimed to determine whether the differences in baseline TyG values and TyG-waist phenotype predicted individual responses to type-2 diabetes (T2D) prevention programs.Methods: The present post-hoc analyses were conducted within the Prevention of Diabetes through Lifestyle intervention and population studies in Europe and around the world (PREVIEW) study completers (n = 899), a multi-center RCT conducted in eight countries (NCT01777893). The study aimed to reduce the incidence of T2D in a population with pre-diabetes during a 3-year randomized intervention with two sequential phases. The first phase was a 2-month weight loss intervention to achieve & GE;8% weight loss. The second phase was a 34-month weight loss maintenance intervention with two diets providing different amounts of protein and different glycemic indices, and two physical activity programs with different exercise intensities in a 2 x 2 factorial design. On investigation days, we assessed anthropometrics, glucose/lipid metabolism markers, and diet and exercise questionnaires under standardized procedures.Results: Diabetes-related markers improved during all four lifestyle interventions. Higher baseline TyG index (p < 0.001) was associated with greater reductions in body weight, fasting glucose, and triglyceride (TG), while a high TyG-waist phenotype predicted better TG responses, particularly in those randomized to physical activity (PA) of moderate intensity.Conclusions: Two novel indices of insulin resistance (TyG and TyG-waist) may allow for a more personalized approach to avoiding progression to T2D.

KW - obesity

KW - pre-diabetes

KW - triglycerides (PubChem CID

KW - 5460048)

KW - hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype

KW - precision nutrition

KW - diabetes

KW - carbohydrate metabolism

KW - lipid markers

KW - FASTING PLASMA-GLUCOSE

KW - WEIGHT-LOSS

KW - PERSONALIZED NUTRITION

KW - RISK-FACTORS

KW - TYG INDEX

KW - EXERCISE

KW - DIET

KW - ASSOCIATION

KW - POPULATION

KW - PREVENTION

U2 - 10.3389/fnut.2021.733697

DO - 10.3389/fnut.2021.733697

M3 - Article

C2 - 34790686

SN - 2296-861X

VL - 8

JO - Frontiers in nutrition

JF - Frontiers in nutrition

M1 - 733697

ER -

Appraisal of Triglyceride-Related Markers as Early Predictors of Metabolic Outcomes in the PREVIEW Lifestyle Intervention: A Controlled Post-hoc Trial

Abstract

Keywords

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