Alemtuzumab CARE-MS I 5-year follow-up: Durable efficacy in the absence of continuous MS therapy

  • Eva Havrdova*
  • , Douglas L. Arnold
  • , Jeffrey A. Cohen
  • , Hans-Peter Hartung
  • , Edward J. Fox
  • , Gavin Giovannoni
  • , Sven Schippling
  • , Krzysztof W. Selmaj
  • , Anthony Traboulsee
  • , D. Alastair S. Compston
  • , David H. Margolin
  • , Karthinathan Thangavelu
  • , Claudio E. Rodriguez
  • , Darlene Jody
  • , Richard J. Hogan
  • , Panos Xenopoulos
  • , Michael A. Panzara
  • , CARE-MS I CAMMS03409 Investigators
  • , Raymond Hupperts
  • , Alasdair J. Coles
  • *Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate 5-year efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in treatment-naive patients with active relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (CARE-MS I; NCT00530348).

Methods: Alemtuzumab-treated patients received treatment courses at baseline and 12 months later; after the core study, they could enter an extension (NCT00930553) with as-needed alemtuzumab retreatment for relapse or MRI activity. Assessments included annualized relapse rate (ARR), 6-month confirmed disability worsening (CDW; $1-point Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score increase [$1.5 if baseline EDSS 5 0]), 6-month confirmed disability improvement (CDI; $1-point EDSS decrease [baseline score $2.0]), no evidence of disease activity (NEDA), brain volume loss (BVL), and adverse events (AEs).

Results: Most alemtuzumab-treated patients (95.1%) completing CARE-MS I enrolled in the extension; 68.5% received no additional alemtuzumab treatment. ARR remained low in years 3, 4, and 5 (0.19, 0.14, and 0.15). Over years 0-5, 79.7% were free of 6-month CDW; 33.4% achieved 6-month CDI. Most patients (61.7%, 60.2%, and 62.4%) had NEDA in years 3, 4, and 5. Median yearly BVL improved over years 2-4, remaining low in year 5 (years 1-5: 20.59%, 20.25%, 20.19%, 20.15%, and 20.20%). Exposure-adjusted incidence rates of most AEs declined in the extension relative to the core study. Thyroid disorder incidences peaked at year 3 and subsequently declined.

Conclusions: Based on these data, alemtuzumab provides durable efficacy through 5 years in the absence of continuous treatment, with most patients not receiving additional courses.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1107-1116
Number of pages10
JournalNeurology
Volume89
Issue number11
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 12 Sept 2017

Keywords

  • MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS PATIENTS
  • CONTROLLED PHASE-3 TRIAL
  • LONG-TERM DISABILITY
  • BRAIN ATROPHY
  • INTERFERON-BETA

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